Browsing by Author "Palacios Coello, Ruth Fabiola"

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Adaptación audioprotésica del adulto mayor beneficiario de la misión solidaria Manuela Espejo, año 2015
(2017) Méndez Ramón, Mayté Andreina; Vásquez Cordero, Tamara Paulina; Palacios Coello, Ruth Fabiola; Auquilla Díaz, Nancy Eulalia
It is a study carried out in Ecuador, which describes the importance of complying with a correct protocol for audioprosthetic adaptation in the elderly, through the performance of auditory exams that integrate speech-language audiometry as a fundamental part of this process. The general objective was to analyze the audioprosthetic adaptation of the adult beneficiary of the Misión Solidaria Manuela Espejo, in the province of Azuay, in the year 2015. A quantitative descriptive study was carried out from the database of the Ministerio de Salud Pública of Ecuador, in 75 elderly patients between 55 and 94 years of age, with audioprosthetic adaptation, beneficiaries of the Misión Solidaria Manuela Espejo in the province of Azuay, year 2015. The data were collected through an elaborated and validated survey, in addition to the use of the audiological data sheet for the auditory assessment. It was determined that 24% of the beneficiaries corresponded to the age group of 55 to 64 years, of which 77% were men. 57% came from rural Azuay, of which 62.6% had primary schooling. 100% presented Neurosensory Hearing Loss. According to the logoaudiometría, only 1.3% of patients presented a level of comprehension between 81 and 100%, whereas, 24% presented an understanding level of 0 to 20%. Only 7% of adaptations were performed in both ears. Reflecting that 53.3% of beneficiaries were satisfied and 26.7% were regularly satisfied with hearing aids.
Conocimientos, actitudes y prácticas del cuidado auditivo en trabajadores del sector automotriz, parroquia Totoracocha, Cuenca 2018
(2018) Concha González, Magali Alexandra; Sanmartín Chiriboga, María José; Palacios Coello, Ruth Fabiola
Backgrounds: Totoracocha neighborhood although being residential has a great amount of industrial business; this meaning is constant high exposure to industrial noise. Having in mind that one of the primary production sources is the lightweight mechanic area and the risk factors are which it’s exposed it’s q must to considerate the importance of the development of this investigation project in this population. Objectives: Determine the knowledge, attitudes and practice of hearing care in the workers of the automotive mechanics in the Totoracocha neighborhood, Cuenca 2017-2018. Methodology: The actual investigation has been developed using surveys, these were directed to 128 businesses inside the automotive mechanics area of the Totoracocha neighborhood, with a total of 256 workers participating in the surveys which agreed to be part of the project. Once the information was obtained, the surveys were analyzed creating a database in excel 2010 and later to the statistical program IBM SPSS Statistics V.18 gathering from both the databases for the further analysis. Results: The predominant sex on the population that works in the automotive mechanics area were male with a percentage of 93,5% with an average age range between 18 and 28 years (34.8%) and in its majority with second level degree (50.8%). The 58.3% of the population used for the research don’t have the right knowledge, attitudes and practices towards hearing care, and this is why the 97.7% of the survey participants consider that’s necessary to spread a campaign about hearing health with the eagerness to make aware to the entire community.
Las dislalias como factor preponderante en las dificultades del aprendizaje; programa para su tratamiento de los centros educativos de la ciudad de Guayaquil
(2005) Chonillo Castro, Pierina Elizabeth; Fernandez Balarezo, Amparo Mercedes; Palacios Coello, Ruth Fabiola
Estilos de afrontamiento de padres de niños con fisura labio-alveolo-palatina en los Andes Centrales del Ecuador (Cuenca-Ambato)
(2025) Cazar Almache, Marcelo Enrique; Pinos Gavilanes, María Paz; Palacios Coello, Ruth Fabiola; Lucio Bravo, Miriam Alexandra; Quito, María Paz
Evaluación auditiva y características audiológicas en pacientes con diabetes mellitus tipo 2 en los centros de salud. Cuenca 2018
(2018) Martínez Minga, Martha Gabriela; Quezada Espinoza, Laura Angélica; Palacios Coello, Ruth Fabiola
Objective: To determine the auditory levels and characteristics audiological by means of a tonal hearing audiometry in patients with diabetes mellitus type 2 of the health centers Cuenca 2018. Methodology: A descriptive-prospective cross-sectional study was carried out. The sample consisted of 161 patients diagnosed with diabetes mellitus type 2 who came to control in the health centers; who, following the objective of this investigation, previously performed the otoscopy and proceeded to perform the tonal audiometry. The data obtained were tabulated and analyzed using the IBM-SPSS Version 15 program. Results: The results obtained were the following: Of the 161 participants evaluated (100%); 66.5% belongs to the female sex and 33.5% to the male, ranging from 48 to 68 or more years of age, with a mean of 61.40. 73.91% of the sample has hearing loss; 54.63% of them had sensorineural hearing loss. 46.9% of people with sensorineural hearing loss presented a bilateral profile with a characteristic hearing loss in type 2 diabetes mellitus. Conclusions: This study shows that the incidence of hearing loss was significant in the participating group. There is a correlation between age and years of disease evolution; The most frequent hearing loss was the sensorineural hearing l oss that presented a bilateral profile that was characteristic of hearing loss in people with type 2 diabetes mellitus. The acute frequencies of 4,000 and 8,000 Hz were found to be affected
Evaluación del vocabulario, morfología y sintaxis en niños/as con retraso en el desarrollo del lenguaje de 4 a 6 años de edad Hospital Moreno Vásquez - Gualaceo 2019
(2019-09-18) Ochoa Japa, Estefanía Viviana; Sinchi Quito, María Eugenia; Palacios Coello, Ruth Fabiola
Background: Language is the ability of people to communicate through signs, gestures, written or oral, this allows us new ways of thinking and knowledge acquisition. The development of language depends on a process of cerebral maturation, control of fine movements and the development of symbolic abilities. Language is considered a process related to the evolution in the physical, psychological and social aspects of each boy-girl. The alterations in their development can have important repercussions in their intellectual and psychological maturation. Objective: to evaluate the vocabulary, morphology and syntax in children with delay in language development from 4 to 6 years of age Moreno Vásquez Hospital - Gualaceo 2019. Methodology: a cross-sectional descriptive study was carried out through the application of the Test for the Auditory Comprehension of Language (TECAL), to 70 children who with previous diagnosis of language delay and attend the Moreno Vásquez Hospital of the City of Gualaceo. The data was analyzed in the software SPSS V.15, the results are presented in the relevant tables. Results: Vocabulary was the language component with the greatest deficiency, since 54.3% of the children evaluated had difficulty in it; 5-year-old children presented a greater degree of risk and deficiency in vocabulary, morphology and syntax; thus, it was also possible to identify that men presented a greater degree of deficiency and risk in all the language components.
Exploración auditiva mediante Otoemisiones acústicas transitorias en Centros Infantiles del Buen Vivir de Santa Isabel. 2017-2018
(2018) García Lima, Jorge Bolívar; Zambrano Sacoto, Juan José; Palacios Coello, Ruth Fabiola
According to statistics provided by the World Health Organization (W.H.O.), 5 out of every 1000 newborns present alterations in their hearing, which represents 5% of the world population, with about 300 new cases per year of neonates with severe hearing loss. It is estimated that in Ecuador the figures of children with hearing loss is 1500 per year. Hearing is the main sensory function for the acquisition of communication skills, which is why the research project was aimed at the realization of transient acoustic otoacoustic emissions (A.O.E.t) to know the functioning of the outer hair cells of the inner ear, which allowed inferring of possible alterations in the hearing. It is a descriptive cross-sectional study and prospective type, where the data and results for the study were obtained by performing otoscopy, and A.O.E.t. to the children who attend the Centros Infantiles del Buen Vivir (C.I.B.V.) of the canton Santa Isabel. It is a descriptive cross-sectional study and prospective type, where the data and results for the study were obtained by performing otoscopy, and A.O.E.t. to the children who attend the Infantile Centers of the Good Living C.I.B.V of the canton Santa Isabel.The universe used was 108 children, of whom A.O.E.t. was administered to 104 children; where 97% pass the test, 3% does not pass so new audiological examinations must be carried out, just as the 4 cases were not performed due to alterations in the otoscopy; therefore, it has been shown that most children pass otoacoustic emissions which allows us to infer that their hearing is normal
Factores de riesgo asociados con la aparición de problemas auditivos en estudiantes de quinto a décimo ciclo de la Facultad de Odontología de la Universidad de Cuenca julio- enero 2022.
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2022-03-11) Idrovo Marcillo, Paula Tatiana; Ruíz Paredes, Nataly Katherine; Palacios Coello, Ruth Fabiola
It is known that noise-induced hearing problems are common in various work environments, where there are high sound intensities, which exceed the permitted level up to 80 decibels (dB); with this background in the career of Dentistry, students who perform their practices are exposed to high levels of noise caused by dental equipment, being prone to hearing problems. General objective:To determine the risk factors that induce a decrease in hearing acuity in students of the Faculty of Dentistry of the University of Cuenca, 2021. Methodology: A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out, comprising a sample of 219 students of the Faculty of Dentistry of the University of Cuenca, to whom the survey method was applied, using Google Forms software. The data were tabulated and analyzed using SPSS version 23 and Excel 2010. Results: 219 students were registered, in whom the prevalent risk factor was exposure to noise from dental equipment measured in days per week (P= 0.01), with 20.1%. In addition, 47% of the total population presented tinnitus or tinnitus and 21% of the study population indicated a subjective decrease in hearing acuity. Conclusion: The prevalent risk associated with the appearance of hearing problems in the student population was the time of exposure to noise from dental equipment, causing tinnitus in 47% of them exposed between 5 to 6 days with 20.1%, the presence of tinnitus was relevant in the female sample with 24.2% with respect to the male sample with 22.8%; also 21% of the study population indicated a subjective decrease in hearing acuity.
Incidencia de alteraciones motrices bucoarticulatorias del habla en niños de 5 años, en la Unidad Educativa Zoila Esperanza Palacio. Cuenca 2017
(2017) Palomeque Bravo, Priscila Mariela; Palacios Coello, Ruth Fabiola
Background: There are many studies about speech alteration, amongst those is dysalalia, but there are few related to articulatory motor buco specially in Ecuador, being this an important area wher speech therapy do our job. As initiative and highlighting are one of its functions, a study was done about alterations on articulatory motor buco, in five year old kids, trying to prevent movement in the organs that participate during the speech such as: jaw, tongue, lips and soft palate. General Objetive: To determine the incidence of articulatory motor buco of a five year old speech. Methodology: The type of study was descriptive and cross-section. There were 128 five year old kids from, “Unidad Educativa Zoila Esperanza Palacio”, of the city of Cuenca. The date was collected by ítem 5 “Protocol of Miofunctional Orofacial Evaluation MBGR”. The data gathered is represents frequencies and percentages. Results: From 128 five year old kids, 58,6% represented certain alterations in the articulary motor buco, the 42,2% represents males and 16,4% represents females. The most alteration in a birth range is between “5 years to 5 years 3 months”, with 28,1%. The alteration more frequent was in “tongue vibration”, representing 24,2% and 18,2% of the kids did not participate
Incidencia de presbiacusia en los usuarios del Hogar de los Abuelos 1 y 2, Cuenca-Ecuador, año 2017-2018
(2018) Jiménez Astudillo, Jenny Karina; Quizhpi Criollo, Andrés Eduardo; Palacios Coello, Ruth Fabiola
Objective: Determine the incidence of Presbycusis age related hearing loss in the tenants of the Hogar de los Abuelos (Grandparents Home) 1 and 2 in Cuenca. Methodology: A descriptive prospective study was done on a cross section of 60 seniors. This was done at the Senior Living “El Hogar de los Abuelos 1 and 2” with the objective of this study, A checkup was done with Otoscopy, with test in Audition: Tonal Audiometry and Logoaudiometry. The data obtained was tabulated, analyzed and plotted using IBM-SPSS program version 23. Results: From the 60 seniors evaluated 7o% we females and 30% males, age ranging from 65 to 97 years old, median 81, 63 and a deviation standard of 6,227. 71,70% of the data shows hearing Sensorineural; 16,67% with a slight bilateral deafness, 58,33% with a moderate deafness, 15% with a severe deafness, 1, 67% with profound severe deafness. No shows of “Cofosis” Comunication disorder. There is a 45% showing Presbycusis, age related hearing loss. Conclusion: This study shows the Presbycusis in a significant matter, but did not supersede the value obtained in the seniors without Presbycusis; there does not exist a grade of hearing loss depending on a specific age. However there is a major factors that correlates with age and hearing loss. The grade of major deafness neurosensory predominates in seniors in this study
Prevalencia de alteraciones auditivas en niños de 0-4 años en el Centro Especializado de Rehabilitación Integral de Cuenca, enero 2017 enero 2022
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2024-07-12) Ávila Bernal, Diego Fernando; Pantosin Galarza, Fanny Gabriela; Palacios Coello, Ruth Fabiola
Background: Hearing is essential for the development of language, communication and cognitive skills in children. Hearing problems represent a diagnostic challenge due to the difficulty of assessment at early ages. Early diagnosis provides great therapeutic benefits, avoiding complications or progression of hearing pathologies. Objective: to determine the prevalence of hearing disorders in children aged 0-4 years at the Specialized Comprehensive Rehabilitation Center of Cuenca, January 2017 January 2022. Method: descriptive study. 364 cases were analyzed and 91 cases of hearing loss were identified. For quantitative variables, central tendency and dispersion statistics will be used, while for qualitative variables, frequency (n) and percentage (%) values will be used. Results: the majority of the population were children (64.6%) and infants (93.4%). The observed family history was observed with a frequency of 3.6%. A prevalence of hearing loss of 25% was obtained. Females have a higher degree of hearing loss than males (32.1% vs 4.4%). Conclusions: The study reveals a significant prevalence of hearing loss in children aged 0 to 4 years in Cuenca, highlighting the importance of family history, medications and infections as predisposing factors. Girls have a higher severity and tendency to bilateral hearing loss. These findings underline the need for early detection and comprehensive management to improve language development and quality of life of affected children, providing a basis for future research and public health policies.
Prevalencia de fonemas alterados en niños y niñas del Distrito 01d01 de educación, Cuenca, 2017
(2017) Cabrera Cárdenas, Ana Mariela; Jiménez Cabrera, Karla Elizabeth; Palacios Coello, Ruth Fabiola; Pesántez Díaz, Tania Lorena
Background: Functional dyslalia is the alteration of one or several phonemes by the absence or alteration of speech sounds, or by the substitution of these by others; these alterations extend beyond 4 years of age and are considered as the most frequent alterations of expressive language. Course objective: To determine the prevalence of altered phonemes in children between 5 and 8 years of age in the Educational Units of District 01D01 of the City of Cuenca. Method and materials: A cross-sectional study was carried out on 296 boys and girls between 5 and 8 years of age in the Educational Units of District 01D01 of the City of Cuenca. Two validated tests were used: the Peripheral Oral Mechanism Test and the Logopedic Examination Test. The data were tabulated in SPSS software version 15, a descriptive analysis of frequencies and percentages presented in tables and graphs. Results: Children of 5 years represent the largest group with 38.5%; the predominant sex was male with 65.9%. The group of alveolar phonemes presents a higher prevalence of alterations in 32%, having in their group the phonemes /s/ (30.4%), the phoneme /l/ in (19.3%); the phoneme /n/ (8.1%); the phoneme /r/ (55.4%) finally in the phoneme /rr/ (47%). It was the children the age group between 5 and 6 years who were most affected by speech alterations.
Prevalencia de hipoacusia en escolares de 5 a 9 años de Gualaceo, 2017
(2018) Jiménez Bernal, Jessica Paola; Ortega Verdugo, Karla Gabriela; Palacios Coello, Ruth Fabiola; Ortega Mosquera, Paola Gabriela
In Ecuador, according to the CONADIS, in 2017, hearing impairment is considered the third cause of disability in the population with 12.86%, in Guacaleo in 2016 the percentage of hearing disability in the male sex corresponds to 55.57%, while that in the female sex it represents 44.43%; so it is important to detect hearing loss in this locality, being the study population schoolchildren from 5 to 9 years. GENERAL PURPOSE To determine the prevalence of hearing loss in schoolchildren from 5 to 9 years old in Guacaleo, 2017. METHODOLOGY The present research project corresponds to a descriptive and cross-sectional study, the Moreno Vazquez Hospital of the Gualaceo parish being the study area. The teachers of the selected schools filled out a school screening card (Annex 2), and the child, not meeting 5 criteria, is a candidate to present a hearing loss. A sample unit was obtained corresponding to 154 schoolchildren (5-9 years) who were selected by simple random sampling, and sent to the Moreno Vázquez Hospital. RESULTS There was a higher frequency of hearing loss in the male sex with 6.5%; the predominant age group is from 6 to 7 years with 4.5%, the highest percentage of patients with hearing loss live in the rural area with 6.5%; The predominant diagnosis is mild conductive hearing loss with 5.8% for OD and 6.5% for LE; finally, hearing loss is 11.7% in all students evaluated.
Prevalencia de hipoacusia y factores de riesgo asociados en los estudiantes de quinto a décimo ciclo de la Facultad de Odontología de la Universidad de Cuenca, 2015-2016
(2016) Moncayo Orbe, Johanna Paola; Zumba Illescas, Daisy Valeria; Palacios Coello, Ruth Fabiola; Ortega Mosquera, Paola Gabriela
OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence of hearing loss and associated risk factors among students in fifth to tenth cycle of the Faculty of Dentistry at the University of Cuenca, 2015-2016. METHODOLOGY: Descriptive cross sectional study. The sample consisted of 135 students of the Faculty of Dentistry at the University of Cuenca, who were applied a survey and audiological examination by audiometry. The data obtained were tabulated and analyzed using SPSS 20.00 program, and graphs and tables used in Excel 2010. RESULTS: The results obtained were as follows: Of 135 students, the 45% consisting of the male and 55% female; 95.6% with a diagnosis of normal hearing, 1.5% with mild sensorineural hearing loss, 0.7% with moderate sensorineural hearing loss and 2.2% with mild conductive hearing loss. All students diagnosed with hearing loss, are exposed to noise generated by the dental equipment, 5 days a week and 5 to 8hours daily. CONCLUSIONS: This study shows that prolonged exposure to noise generated in the dentistry practice is a risk factor that decreases the function of the auditory system. Students do not know about the importance of hearing care versus risk factors; this condition increases the probability of developing hearing loss at an early age and without being diagnosed opportunely
Prevalencia de trastornos de comunicación en preescolares que asistieron al Centro de Especialidades IDEAS durante el periodo 2019-2020. Cuenca 2021
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2022-03-22) León Roldán, Marcelo Fernando; Palacios Coello, Ruth Fabiola
The communication is the ability of living beings that allows us to transmit information, ideas, feelings and emotions, facilitating the social relationships and enriching an evolutionary development chord, which are associated with alterations in communication skills in preschool children. General objective: To determine the prevalence of communication disorders in preschool boys and girls who attended the "Centro de Especialidades del Niño, Adolescente y Familia IDEAS", in the period 2019-2020. Methodology: This research has a retrospective descriptive study, conducted by reviewing 196 medical records and evaluations of preschoolers with communication disorders who attended the " Centro de Especialidades IDEAS". Data was compiled in forms and processed in SPSS v.20 Results: The research shows that communication disorders are more common in males with 62.8% than in females with 37.2% and in ages between 4 years and 4 years 5 months with 43.9%. Regarding risk factors, there were 12.2% of preschoolers were documented as moderately premature and 8.2% as SGA, which is the most frequent phonological disorder in these infants. Conclusion: From the data sheets documented, 3.1% showed expressive language disorder, 43.9% showed mixed receptive-expressive language disorder, 52% phonological disorder and 1% stuttering
Prevalencia del retraso del desarrollo del lenguaje en niños de 3 a 5 años en el centro Los Girasoles, Cuenca 2021
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2023-08-07) Tenezaca Melgar, Jessica Tatiana; Palacios Coello, Ruth Fabiola
Background: Language Development Delay (LDD) is a delay in the onset of language in the absence of other pathologies. Early diagnosis is essential to avoid communication problems. Objective: to determine the prevalence of Language Development Delay in children from 3 to 5 years old in the center "Los Girasoles" period 2021. Method: descriptive study carried out with 250 children. Descriptive statistics were used and the variables were associated by means of chi square and p value. Results: the prevalence of LDD was 58%, 88.8% and 79.2% for comprehensive, expressive and global language, respectively. The 3-year-old population prevails (48.4%). With respect to the sociodemographic characteristics, men predominate (74.8%), urban residence (67.2%), extended family (54.8%), typical average Socioeconomic Level (60.8%). The clinical characteristics indicate that 48% of children use electronic devices >1 hour/day, 56% of children spoke after one year, 55.2% had low average intelligence, 52% had a history of complications in the pregnancy and 56% presented complications in childbirth. Significant relationships were observed between chronological age and language age (p<0.05). Conclusions: it was observed that for the success of a good development in communication, aspects such as pregnancy, sphincter control, sociodemographic location, among others, must come together; All these factors must be considered in order to avoid learning problems.
Trastornos del habla en niños de primer año de edución básica de la ciudad de Cuenca-2001
(2001) Alvarado Moncayo, Tania Elizabeth; Alvear Siguenza, Mónica Patricia; Astudillo C., Patricia; Astudillo Picon, José Patricio; Bermeo Zabala, Fabiola del Rocío; Carvajal Flor, Edgar; Cueva V., María Fernanda; García, Lina; Gía, Esperanza; Lituma, Mariela; Navarro B., Martha; Neira C., Yolanda; Ochoa N., Nelly; Orellana Ordoñez, Mónica Auxiliadora; Ortega C., Ana; Serrano Vintimilla, Silvia María; Vásquez Calderón, Marlene del Carmen; Zárate Cherrez, Ramón Gerardo; Medina Cueva, Zoila Emperatriz; Palacios Coello, Ruth Fabiola; Petroff Rojas, César Iván