Browsing by Author "Neira Borja, James Edward"

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Caracterización de pacientes con onicomicosis en organizaciones campesinas de la provincia de Los Ríos, Ecuador
(2019) Martínez Molina, José Andrés
© 2019, Sociedad Venezolana de Farmacologia y de Farmacologia Clinica y Terapeutica. All rights reserved. Introduction: Onychomycosis is the infection caused by pathogen or saprophyte fungi in the nail structure of hands or foot. Associated factors show differences according to the analyzed region. Therefore, the purpose if this study was to determine the epidemiologic characteristics of adult patients with onychomycosis diagnoses from the rural province of Los Ríos, Ecuador. Methodology: A descriptive, transversal study was performed in 384 adult patients diagnosed with onychomycosis in 3 health centers of the Vinces and Urdaneta counties in Los Rios province from May 2016 to May 2017. The Dermatology Life Quality Index was applied in which demographic, clinical and psychological characteristics were investigated. Results: Out of the studied subjects, 56.8% (n=218) were female; the mean age was 50.7±13.7. The age group 40-55 years old was the most prevalent (37.8%, n=145). In men, prevalence rose proportionally with age. 21.1% (n=81) of the sample had diabetes, the most affected body parts were the hands (50% n=192), especially in women (72.9%) (p<0.01). 76.5% of the subjects showed worry regarding the disease, especially women (84.4%) (p<0.01), and the majority also reported that onychomycosis had great influence over their daily lives (69.8%; n=268). Conclusion: Onychomycosis is a disease with a wide variety of risk factors, which must be taken into account for appropriate treatment, including the psychological effects that are usually ignored in primary attention.
Caracterización epidemiológica de los pacientes con sinusitis del Hospital General del Norte de Guayaquil los Ceibos. Ecuador
(2019) Barreto Villamar, Nexar Isaac
© 2019, Sociedad Venezolana de Farmacologia y de Farmacologia Clinica y Terapeutica. All rights reserved. Objective: to characterize and describe the epidemiological behavior of patients with sinusitis from the Hospital General del Norte de Guayaquil Los Ceibos. Methodology: a descriptive, non-experimental, retrospective study was conducted in 435 patients who were evaluated in this center with the diagnoses of acute maxillary sinusitis, acute ethmoidal sinusitis, acute pansinusitis, other acute sinusitis, unspecified acute sinusitis, sinusitis chronic maxilla, chronic ethmoidal sinusitis, chronic ethmoid sinusitis, and chronic pansinusitis. The data were obtained from the hospital clinical records and were analyzed using the software SPSS v.19. Results: Of the 435 patients, 89.4% (n=389) were female, the most frequent age group were <19 years with 29.2% (n=127), as well as the maxillary location with 42.5% (n=185), only 0.7% showed positive findings in the microbiological analysis. Conclusions: sinusitis is a frequent clinical condition in Guayaquil city, being male sex, age groups <65 years and the maxillary sinus involvement the most outstanding epidemiological characteristics in adults who consulted to the Hospital General del Norte de Guayaquil Los Ceibos.
Complicaciones asociadas a catéter de diálisis peritoneal en pacientes del Hospital General del Norte de Guayaquil IESS Los Ceibos
(2019) Neira Borja, James Edward; Galvez Intriago, Ivan Andres; Amaya Salazar, Solange Nataly; Casco Olivas, Jose Francisco; Urgiles Leon, Carlos Andres; Morocho Rivera, Ronald Humberto; Zapata Garces, Stalin Sebastian; Espinoza Diaz, Cristobal Ignacio
© 2019, Sociedad Venezolana de Farmacologia y de Farmacologia Clinica y Terapeutica. All rights reserved. Objective: To identify the most frequent complications associated to peritoneal dialysis catheter of patients in the Hospital General del Norte de Guayaquil IESS Los Ceibos. Materials and methods: This was a descriptive and retrospective study in adult patients admitted to the Hospital General del Norte de Guayaquil IESS Los Ceibos with any complication associated to peritoneal dialysis catheter during the period from May to August 2018. The clinical data from the hospital´s clinical records department was used in this study. Results: Out of the 42 patients evaluated, the most frequent complication was the presence of peritonitis or infection (57%, n=24), followed by the appearance of hernias (12%, n=5), modality change (12%; n=5) and catheter change (2%, n=1). Conclusion: Patients undergoing peritoneal dialysis in the Hospital General del Norte de Guayaquil IESS Los Ceibos presented a high frequency of complications, specifically infection or peritonitis.
Covid-19 y eventos tromboticos: epidemiología y etiopatogenia, revisión sistemática
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2022-05-20) Espinoza Díaz, Cristóbal Ignacio; Neira Borja, James Edward
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic constitutes an alarm situation in current evolution, with abundant research and constant surveillance, its epidemiological behavior and its underlying mechanisms are increasingly described in greater detail. The objective of this review is to evaluate the epidemiological aspects of thrombotic events (TE) in the context of COVID-19 and review the possible related pathophysiological mechanisms. A systematic bibliographic search of articles included in the PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane, Web of Science and Embase databases was carried out. Thirty articles were included in the review and quality assessment tools were used. One of the main points of discussion has focused on the inflammatory state produced by the infection, which has been correlated with hematological alterations that lead to a prothrombotic state. This could influence the multisystem involvement of the clinical picture in the most severe cases. Hospitalized patients with COVID-19 are at considerably increased risk of developing venous and arterial ET. The presence of ET during the in-hospital evolution has been correlated with higher mortality, forcing the implementation of prophylactic anticoagulant therapy to be considered. This therapeutic decision can be based on laboratory parameters such as serum levels of D-dimer. Although the mechanisms that cause the coagulopathy of COVID-19 have not been fully explained, it is presumed that the endothelial dysfunction and the state of hyperinflammation play a vital role.
Fracturas expuestas en pacientes del Hospital Teodoro Maldonado Carbo de la ciudad de Guayaquil
(2019) Neira Verduga, Maria De fatima; Neira Borja, James Edward; Galvez Intriago, Ivan Andres; Solano Velez, Antonieta Estefania; Arévalo Jiménez, Luis Gerardo; Saquipay Ortega, Hugo Valentin; Pintado Ruiz, Cristhian Eduardo; Mendoza Sanchez, Manuel Heriberto; Jacome Gagñay, Kassandra Romina; Sanchez Sellan, Tania Vanessa; Espinoza Diaz, Cristobal Ignacio
© 2019, Sociedad Venezolana de Farmacologia y de Farmacologia Clinica y Terapeutica. All rights reserved. Objective: To characterize epidemiologically the open fractures and their infectious complications in patients attended in the orthopedic emergency service of the Teodoro Maldonado Carbo Hospital in Guayaquil city, Ecuador. Method: A descriptive, retrospective study was carried out through a record analysis of this hospital, including patients with open fractures diagnosis during the 2015-2017 period. Results: 438 patients were included, predominantly men (75.1%, n=329) and young people <35 years 61% (n=267), the tibial region was the most affected area (62.3%; n=273). Regarding the degree of exposure, type IIIB fracture was the most frequent one 36.1% (n=158), with external fixation being the most used procedure (57.8%, n=253). Likewise, 39.7% (n=174) of the fractures were infected and staphylococcus aureus was the most common agent with 40.8% (n=71). Conclusions: The frequency of open fractures cases in the Teodoro Maldonado Carbo Hospital in Guayaquil city is high in comparison to other studies, especially in men, young subjects and tibial affectation. Also, a high frequency of infection in the fractures is observed, staphylococcus aureus being the main isolated microorganism.
Neonatal sepsis in patients from the hospital general del norte de Guayaquil IESS Los Ceibos
(2019) Neira Borja, James Edward; Espinoza Diaz, Cristobal Ignacio; Zambrano Cerda, Edison; Ruiz Barzola, Evelyn; Espinosa Moya, Julio; Chicaiza Tasinchana, Cristian; Tene Carrillo, Cecilia; Puebla Silva, Teresa; Chancusig Chisag, Mayra; Bastidas Toapanta, Nancy
Objective: To evaluate the incidence and clinical characteristics of patients with neonatal sepsis of the Hospital General del Norte de Guayaquil IESS Los Ceibos. Materials and Methods: This was a descriptive and retrospective study in newborn patients admitted with neonatal sepsis diagnosis to the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) of this hospital, during the period from May 2017 to August 2018, the clinical data in medical records department of the institution were used. Results: Out of the 7240 newborns, 160 were admitted with neonatal sepsis diagnosis to the NICU, evidencing an accumulated incidence of 2.2% in 15 months. There was a male predominance (80%; n=128), with birth weight >2500 grams (73.1%; n=117). The majority had 37 weeks of gestation or more (86.9%; n=139), caesarean section was the most common route of birth (60%; n=96), as well as <3 prenatal outpatient visits (75%; n=120), premature membrane rupture was 45% (n=72), and urinary tract infection in 60% (n=96) of the cases. The main microorganisms, isolated in blood cultures, were the group B streptococcus (65.2%; n=104), followed by Staphylococcus aureus (15.9%; n=26). Conclusion: This analysis shows an important incidence of neonatal sepsis in our region, especially in male neonates and in those with mothers with premature membrane rupture and / or urinary tract infection, it is worth highlighting the high percentage of normal-weight and normal term pregnancy.
Prevalence of low HDL-C in older adults of Baños parish, Cuenca
(2018) Morocho Zambrano, Alicia De los angeles
Introduction: Low HDL-C is one of the most frequent metabolic alterations in Latin America populations, so the aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of low HDL-C and its associated factors in elderly patients from Baños parish, Cuenca, Ecuador. Materials and methods: This is a descriptive and cross-sectional study in which 200 elderly residents from Baños parish participated, intentionally selected in 2 ambulatory primary care centers. To this end, a questionnaire was used to collect data, determining HDL-C levels, habits, sociodemographic and clinical factors, using a logistic regression model. Results: The prevalence of low HDL-C was 35.5% (n=71), being higher in men (62%) and older than 80 years (43.7%), being obesity measured by BMI (OR: 3.25, 95% CI: 1.49-7.12) and personal history of arterial hypertension (OR: 2.10, 95% CI: 1.07-4.15) the main associated factors. Conclusion: There is a high prevalence of low HDL-C in the older adult population from rural parish of Baños, having subjects with obesity and hypertension the highest risk of low HDL-C. © 2018 Revista Latinoamericana de Hipertension. All Rights Reserved.
Vínculo clínico epidemiológico entre la diabetes mellitus tipo 2 y la COVID-19
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2022-09-12) Morocho Zambrano, Alicia de los Ángeles; Neira Borja, James Edward
Introduction: Multiple studies support the association between type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2) and the severe clinical course of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). This systematic review was carried out with the aim of determining the clinical-epidemiological link between DM2 and COVID-19. Methods: A systematic review of articles included in the Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane, PubMed, Scielo and Scopus databases (Q1-Q4), published from February 7, 2020 to October 2021, was carried out. To evaluate the study quality, quality assessment tools were used. Results: A total of 32 studies were analyzed, 65.6% were single-center, 87.5% were retrospective studies, in 18.8% studies only patients with COVID-19 and DM2 were included. In 84.3% of the studies, the predominant sex of the patients was male. In 47% of the studies, the age of the patients was greater than or equal to 60 years. In addition, 90.6% of studies reported comorbidities such as hypertension. 87.5% were good quality studies. Conclusions: The following stand out as points of convergence in the current scenario of the syndemic between COVID-19 and DM2: advanced age, deterioration of the immune response, higher levels of inflammatory markers and the association with complications and comorbidities of DM2. DM2 is considered a high risk factor for critical clinical conditions and deaths from COVID-19. Likewise, possible multifaceted pathological mechanistic pathways triggered by hyperglycemia that cause considerable vulnerability to SARS-CoV-2 infection have been detailed.