Browsing by Author "Molina Matute, Marcos Fernando"

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Eficacia y seguridad de la vacuna COVID-19 en pacientes mayores de 18 años. Revisión sistemática exploratoria-Scoping review
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2025-05-15) Garzón Orellana, Paul Armando; Molina Matute, Marcos Fernando
Background: The ultra-rapid development of COVID-19 vaccines generated serious controversies in the evaluation of their effectiveness and safety, since given their “justified” emerging approval, these biological products were certified in record time. General objective: to evaluate the efficacy and safety parameters of COVID-19 vaccines in patients over 18 years of age. Methodology: exploratory systematic review-scoping review, without meta-analysis. Controlled Clinical Trials (RCTs), cohort studies and case-control studies were included, published since 2020, in english and spanish, carried out on people over 18 years of age, referenced in journals quartile 1 to 4 according to the Scimago portal. Descriptors in health sciences and in english medical subject headings were applied, “vaccine efficacy”, “safety”, “coronavirus disease 2019 virus vaccines”, “COVID-19 vaccine”. Boolean operators and, or and not were applied. The results will be presented in customized tables. Results: COVID-19 vaccines are effective, especially in preventing complications. The results indicate the importance of booster doses. Regarding safety, it was assessed according to the frequency of adverse effects that vary between vaccines and studies. Thus, the frequency of pain at the injection site varies from 61% to 88% for AstraZeneca, while for Pfizer-BioNTech it is 71% for the first dose and 66% for the second dose. This analysis shows that, although all vaccines have adverse effects, most are mild and temporary. Serious adverse effects are rare.
Factores biológicos y socio familiares en el adulto mayor con síndrome de fragilidad, parroquia Totoracocha 2015- 2016
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2017-11-11) Capelo Vázquez, Adriana Patricia; Molina Matute, Marcos Fernando
Objectives: To determine the frequency of the syndrome of fragility and the relation of biological and social – family factors on senior citizens with syndrome of fragility of the Totoracocha parish who come to the Health Sub Centre. Methods and Materials: It was performed a Study of the type Quantitative Transverse to 155 senior citizens that belong to the Totoracocha Parish of the city of Cuenca. Validated forms were applied to identify the demographic characteristics and associated factors. Then, was performed a descriptive analysis with frequencies, percentages. The results considered as statistically significates to values of p < 0,05. Results: The frequency of the syndrome of fragility found was of 53,55%, relationed to the different factors like this: 67,4% of fragile were older than 70 years old, Polypharmacy was up to 62,7% (<0,05), comorbidity of 44,6% (<0,05), and with social family factors: with social risk 8,4% (p<0,05) and with family dysfunction 14,5% (<0,05). It was found a relation statistically significant with comorbidity highlighting the connective tissue pathologies. Conclusions: The frequency of the syndrome of fragility is similar to the findings in other studies made on populations of similar characteristics, it was established a relation statistically significative only with the presence of comorbidity, independent from the familiar functionality and social risk
Factores biológicos y socio-familiares en el adulto mayor con depresión en San Pedro del Cebollar-Cuenca 2015-2016
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2017-11-11) Suquilanda Heredia, José Andrés; Molina Matute, Marcos Fernando
Objective: To determine the relationship between biological, socio-familial factors and depression in the elderly who attend the San Pedro del Cebollar - Cuenca Sub-Center for the period 2015-2016. Material and Methods: A quantitative, analytical and cross - sectional study was carried out with 126 elderly adults who visited the San Pedro del Cebollar - Cuenca Sub - center for the period 2015-2016. A data collection instrument was used to know sociodemographic characteristics and Yesavage test to determine depression, family function using FFSIL and comorbidities according to the Charlson scale. The variables were expressed in absolute frequencies and percentage. Statistical methods of chi-square, relative risk (RR) and multiple logistic regression were applied to determine the factors associated with depression. Results: The prevalence of depression was 61.1%. The factors associated with depression were lack of education (RR= 2.720, 95%CI: 1.278-5.788, p= 0.009) and family dysfunction (RR= 3.263, 95%CI: 1.823-5.383, p<0.001). Conclusions: There is a high prevalence of depression, so it is important the comprehensive approach and consideration of the psychosocial factors of older individuals with risk of depression, detailing their educational level and their family dynamics
Impacto psicológico y cambios en la práctica clínica en personal sanitario durante la pandemia COVID-19, Cuenca, 2021
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2023-04-03) Ordóñez Chacha, Pablo Roberto; Molina Matute, Marcos Fernando
Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic had a great impact on people's health. A group affected psychologically were healthcare workers linked directly to patient care. Objective: to determine the psychological impact and changes in the clinical practice of healthcare workers in the José Carrasco Arteaga and Municipal de la Mujer y el Niño de Cuenca hospitals, due to the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic. Methodology: a cross-sectional analytical study was conducted with 90 doctors and nurses. The PHQ-9 tests were applied to determine depression, GAD-7 for anxiety, PSS-14 for stress and ISI for insomnia. To collect information on the changes suffered by the staff in their clinical practice, the authors developed a form. Statistical analysis was performed on SPSS v15; to establish association, OR with 95% CI and chi-square were used. Results: the prevalence of depression was 58.9% (p<0.001; OR 4.7 IC95% 1.9-11.9), anxiety 62.2% (p<0.01; OR 2.8 IC95% 1.1-6.7), stress 82.2%, and insomnia 54.4%, being associated with the medical profession. Insomnia was related to first-line activity (p=0.02; OR 8.2 CI95% 1.1-71.4). There were changes in clinical practice, thus, 51.1% showed physical distancing during care, 96.7% used personal protective equipment (PPE) and 85.6% required its use to patients. Conclusion: the psychological condition in health workers was high, it was associated with the medical profession and front-line work; the changes in clinical practice were distancing during care and use of PPE by professionals and patients.
Intervención farmacéutica en la optimización del uso de antimicrobianos restringidos mediante capacitación en áreas de unidosis del Hospital de Especialidades José Carrasco Arteaga de la ciudad de Cuenca
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2024-01-23) Moreno Yanes, Silvia Marcela; Molina Matute, Marcos Fernando
Background: Antimicrobial resistance is a growing health threat and, unless action is taken, the burden of deaths from this cause could reach 10 million per year by 2050. Objective: Optimize the use of restricted antimicrobials through training in single-dose areas of the José Carrasco Arteaga Specialty Hospital in Cuenca. Method: Prospective and intervention study. The work was carried out between February and April 2023; and reports on restricted antimicrobials were implemented, both in prescription and therapeutics, through a pharmaceutical training intervention for single-dose pharmacists, which sought to improve knowledge and skills in this matter and incorporate the pharmacist into the Antimicrobial Optimization Program (PROA). In both the pre-intervention and post-intervention phases, professionals filled out a knowledge evaluation questionnaire, as well as the respective records. Results: The pharmaceutical report obtained most frequently during the pre-intervention phase was a request for restrictive authorization (42.2%), and in the post-intervention phase days of treatment (69%). After the evaluation of the talk, an improvement of one point was observed, with an excellent rating. In reporting effectiveness, a rate of 41.3% was reached in the pre-intervention stage and 58.7% in the post-intervention stage. The economic benefit for the Hospital in the postintervention phase was $2,344.90 US dollars. Conclusions: These results favor the role of the pharmacist in the PROA team, since probably in the future he will be in charge of providing data on the consumption of restricted use antimicrobials and reporting indicators periodically.
Prevalencia de infecciones oportunistas en personas con VIH/SIDA y factores asociados. Hospital José Carrasco Arteaga, Cuenca 2015 - 2020
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2021-06-03) Pacheco Martínez, Cristian Eduardo; Molina Matute, Marcos Fernando
Background: both in the diagnosis and in the course of HIV / AIDS, multiple opportunistic infections are present, which put life at risk and increase health costs to combat this terrible epidemic, so it is necessary to know this problem and the factors who intervene on it. Objective: to determine the prevalence of opportunistic infections in patients with HIV / AIDS and associated factors. José Carrasco Arteaga Hospital 2015 to 2020. Methodology: prior approval of the bioethics committee, a cross-sectional analytical study was carried out in a sample of 205 HIV / AIDS patients with or without prior antiretroviral therapy (ART), treated in the infectology service of the José Carrasco Arteaga Hospital from 2015 to 2020. The tabulation of the Information was used using the SPSS 21 test version, the analysis was applied descriptive statistics (frequency, percentage, averages), the statistical association with OR and statistical significance with 95% CI and p value. Results: the age fluctuated between 41.7 ± 12 years, the male gender was higher with 83.4%, the prevalence of OI was 27.3% of which toxoplasmosis was more frequent 30.4%, alcoholism with an OR 5.41 (95% CI 2.59 - 11.27) p ˂ 0.05, smoking with an OR 2.5 (95% CI 1.68 - 3.86) p ˂ 0.05, the CD4 + count ≤200 presented OR 41.33 (95% CI 15.99 - 106.83) p ˂ 0.05 and malnutrition presented OR 20.11 (95% CI 8.62 - 46.88) p ˂ 0.05. Conclusions: a significant prevalence of opportunistic infections, toxoplasmosis more frequently, alcoholism, smoking, malnutrition and CD4 + count ≤200 presented significant statistical association.
Prevalencia de la infecciones asociadas a la atención en salud y su relación con determinantes de la salud en pacientes de las UCIs del hospital José Carrasco Arteaga del IESS, en el año 2019
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2022-05-25) Agreda Orellana, Ivanna Solmayra; Molina Matute, Marcos Fernando
Background: Health care-associated infections, HAIs, represent a public health care problem, appearing for the first time 48 hours or more after hospitalization or within 30 days after receiving medical care. Objective: to determine the prevalence of Infections Associated with Health Care and its relationship with determinants of health over patients of the ICUs of the José Carrasco Arteaga Hospital of the IESS, in the year 2019. Methodology: an analytical study was carried out with the medical records of 515 patients treated in 2019 in the ICU of the José Carrasco Arteaga Hospital. The data was collected in a form and analyzed with SPSS version 22. Simple and double-entry tables were used, the RP statisticians represent risk when the value is greater than 1, with a significance level of 95% (p<0.05) to measure the relationship between the presence of I HAIs and the determinants of health. Results: Older adults (47.4%) predominated in the study population, with 53% male, preferably residing in urban areas (70.3%). The most common comorbidities were hypertension, diabetes and cancer. The majority used medical devices in their treatment (74%), with hospital stays of 3 to 6 days (76.3%). The HAIs were caused by both bacteria: Gram negative: Escherichia coli 25%, Klebsiella pneumoniae 12.7% and Gram positive: Staphylococcus spp 27%, the most frequent fungus was Candida glabrata with 2.5%. There was a significant relationship between in-hospital factors and HAIs, not so with out-of-hospital factors. Conclusions: The prevalence of HAIs was 15.3 per 100 patients. In-hospital factors were the most important, especially prolonged stay and the use of medical devices, mainly mechanical ventilation and bladder catheter.
Prevalencia y caracterización epidemiológica de las infecciones asociadas a la atención de salud en el servicio uci pediátrico del Hospital Vicente Corral Moscoso. Cuenca, 2018 - 2020
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2022-09-09) Parra Matute, Jhonatan Rafael; Molina Matute, Marcos Fernando
Background: health care-associated infections (HAIs), have a prevalence between 16 to 31%, are directly associated with increased hospitalization days, costs related to interventions, use of antimicrobials and risk of mortality. Objective: to determine the prevalence and epidemiological characteristics of HAIs in the pediatric intensive care unit (ICU) service of the Vicente Corral Moscoso Hospital (HVCM), 2018-2020. Material and Methods: an observational, descriptive study was carried out on 222 patients, who met the inclusion criteria, the data obtained were entered and analyzed in the SPSS 15 program. Results: prevalence was 11.7, the presentation was higher in men, the most affected population was 1-4 years old with 53.8%, the most prevalent type of HAI was the intravenous device with 46.2% (n:12). Some type of invasive procedure was performed in 85% of the patients, the most common procedure was the placement of a central venous catheter (CVC) in 82% of these patients, the most common surgery was the correction of heart disease with 36.6%, and the most isolated germs were gram-negative bacilli in 53.84% of the cases. Conclusions: the prevalence was analogous to that of other studies carried out in similar populations in centers of the same complexity.
Prevalencia y factores asociados a sobrepeso y obesidad en pacientes entre 40 y 65 años. Hospital José Carrasco Arteaga. 2013
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2014-11-11) Molina Matute, Marcos Fernando; Ojeda Orellana, Marco Ribelino
Objective: To determine the prevalence and factors associated with overweight and obesity in patients between 40 and 65 years of age, attending the outpatient consult from the José Carrasco Arteaga Hospital in 2013. Methods: An observational, cross-sectional and analytical study was developed including 364 patients attending the Internal Medicine outpatient consult from the José Carrasco Arteaga Hospital in 2013. The analyzed variables included age, sex, marital status, socioeconomic status, the number of hours spent sitting at work, level of education, physical activity, number of hours spent watching television, family background of obesity, alcohol intake and smoking cessation. Results: According to the sex variable, the frequency of overweight and obesity in women was 43.4 % and 34.8% respectively, while 46.9 % of men were overweight and 30.1 % were obese. According to the age factor, the frequency of overweight and obesity was larger in patients from 50 to 65 years of age, with a prevalence of 42.2 % and 36.7%. In patients between 40 and 49 years, the results showed a prevalence of 49.6% cases of overweight and 26% of obesity. Low socioeconomic status (PR: 1.3, 95% CI 1.22 - 1.37 and P value =0.04), physical inactivity (PR: 1.27 , 95% CI 1.11 - 1.45 and p value = 0.00005 ), family history of obesity (PR: 1.18 , 95% CI 1.06 - 1.31 and p value = 0.002 ) and alcohol intake (PR: 1.16 , 95% CI 1.03 - 1.29 and p value = 0.03 ), were all associated with overweight and obesity. Conclusions: The prevalence of overweight and obesity was 44.8% and 33%. Patients aged from 50 to 65 years of, as well as low socioeconomic level, sedentary lifestyle, family background of obesity and alcohol intake, were all associated with overweight and obesity. Key words: WEIGHT GAIN, OBESITY, RISK FACTORS, HOSPITAL OF ECUADORIAN SOCIAL SECURITY INSTITUTE JOSE CARRASCO ARTEAGA