Browsing by Author "López Cisneros, Carmen Lucía"

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Determinación de la prevalencia de dermatofitosis en los niños de la escuela de educación general básica Padre Juan Bautista Aguirre de la parroquia Miraflores de la ciudad de Cuenca
(2014) Campozano Estrella, Nelly Janeth; Heras Heras, Verónica Alexandra; López Cisneros, Carmen Lucía
Dermatophytosis (tinea or ringworm) constitutes the most prevalent class of superficial mycoses worldwide. Despite this fact, its epidemiology has not been studied comprehensively. The objective of this research study is to determine the incidence of dermatophytosis prevalence on children at “Padre Juan Bautista Aguirre” elementary school (ParroquiaMiraflores, Cuenca). The research was an observational descriptive cross-sectional study. It involved 252 children who met the selection criteria for this study. The sample collection and transport followed the protocols established by Asociación Española de Micología. The results showed an incidence was 65.1%, Dermatophytosis among the children in the study. It was principally associated with synthetic footwear, floor hygiene and the presence of domestic animals. The principal causal agents were anthropophilic fungi (61.6%), fundamentally Tricophytontonsurans (35,4%). It is important to note with the high prevalence of T. verrucosum (21.9%) and T. schoenleinii (18.1%) there is no information about their prevalence in this region of the Americas. The results also showed a high grade of infection on children of the analyzed institution which is associated closely to the socio-economic level and the interaction between them. It is highly recommended to develop more studies to determine if these sample results constitute a national pattern.
Estandarización del método de dilución en caldo para la determinación de susceptibilidad antifúngica in vitro de Trichophyton mentagrophytes y Trichophyton rubrum
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2020-01-14) Plaza Trujillo, Priscila Lissete; Ochoa Castro, Maritza Raphaela; López Cisneros, Carmen Lucía
The increase in fungal infections and the appearance of new strains with antifungal resistance have made it necessary to develop methods for the determination of antifungal susceptibility, among the dilution is considered as the gold standard method for determination minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), for this reason it is important that this method is carried out in a reliable way since it is the critical point for the choice of an appropriate therapy. The present work proposed to standardize the broth dilution method for the determination of in vitro antifungal susceptibility of Trichophyton mentagrophytes and Trichophyton rubrum against different antifungals such as fluconazole, voriconazole, and itraconazole. The experimental work aimed at reproducing the antifungal susceptibility method described in the M61 of the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI). The dermatophytes Trichophyton rubrum and Trichophyton mentagrophytes were provided by the Microbiology Laboratory of the Chemical Sciences Faculty of the University of Cuenca (LMC-FQ). As a result of this experimental work, a methodology for the development of in vitro antifungal assays in the standard working conditions of a research laboratory described in the M61 guide of the CLSI is presented. This technique will allow the development of guidelines for subsequent studies that evaluate the susceptibility of clinical strains to antifungals available for the treatment of dermatophytosis. It is also considered as the basis for further studies focused on the development of new antifungals of natural or synthetic origin.
Prevalencia de micosis superficiales en adultos mayores de centros gerontológicos residenciales y de atención diurna de la ciudad de Cuenca durante el período 2014-2018
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2020-03-05) Lima Coronel, Eliana Vanessa; Siguenza Trelles, Viviana Stefanía; Carchipulla Sanango, Claudia Janneth; López Cisneros, Carmen Lucía
Introduction: Superficial mycoses are a group of infections that affect a considerable number of individuals, including children and the elderly, the latter presenting age-specific characteristics that make them susceptible to acquiring diseases in general, including superficial mycoses. Most of the older adults are isolated in specialized centers so the study is carried out in gerontological centers providing daytime and residential care in the city of Cuenca whose patients participated in the project of the Faculty of Chemical Sciences. General objective: To determine the prevalence of superficial mycosis in gerontological centers of diurnal and residential attention in the city of Cuenca, during the period 2014 - 2018. Methodology: This research was quantitative - descriptive, cross-sectional and retrospective, the study population included 417 elderly patients, data like: age, sex, fungal lesions and etiological agents diagnosed in the project was collected. Results: A 72.5% of positivity was obtained, 74.1% were women, the most affected age group was over 80 years old (53.2%), with the frequency rates being at 40% for blastomycetes, 36% for dermatophytes and 24% for other filamentous fungi; the most frequent locations were the lower extremities (75.8%), followed by the head and neck area (16.3%); the most prevalent etiological agents were Candida albicans (10%), Trichophyton tonsurans (8%) and Candida glabrata - Trichophyton mentagrophytes (7%).