Browsing by Author "Kun Astudillo, Kenia Karen"

Now showing 1 - 8 of 8

Actividad antimicrobiana in vitro del chitosan/propóleo en gel sobre el enterococcus faecalis
(2017) Luaces Acosta, Gretter; Kun Astudillo, Kenia Karen
Purpose: Comparing the antibacterial efficiency of chitosan / propolis gel, calcium hydroxide (Calcifar-P), chlorhexidine gel 2%, 30% propolis extract and chitosan gel on Enterococcus faecalis. Materials and methods: A cross - sectional in vitro study was carried out, using agar diffusion with Kirby - Bauer method. The samples were 14 replications per group and were calculated using Fisterra program. The inhibitory halos were measured in millimeters after 24 hours of incubation, at 37 ° C; the results obtained were processed by the statistical tests of Shapiro-Wilk, Kruskal-Wallis and Kolmogorov-Smirnov. Results: The average of the chitosan / propolis gel inhibitory halo was 22.36 mm, the one with Calcifar-P was 13.93 mm, in the case of chlorhexidine gel 2% 15.86 mm, the chitosan gel had an average inhibitory halo of 17.71 mm, the 30% propolis extract had the lowest average with a value of 11.36 mm. None of the above values exceeded the positive control whose average was 34.86 mm. Conclusion: This study concluded that chitosan / propolis gel has better antimicrobial efficiency compared with calcium hydroxide (Calcifar-P), 2% gel chlorhexidine, 30% propolis extract and chitosan gel.
Estudio comparativo in vitro del nivel de microfiltración coronal en restauraciones provisionales que usan politetrafluoroetileno (PTFE) como espaciador a diferentes espesores
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2024-11-26) González Pesántez, María de los Ángeles; Kun Astudillo, Kenia Karen
Microleakage is considered one of the main factors associated with root canal (CR) treatment failure, it can be caused by defective coronal restorations, dental fractures, recurrent caries and lack of marginal integrity in the restoration. It is essential that the clinician performs an adequate temporary filling of the tooth during or at the end of the endodontic treatment. Endodontic spacers, such as polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) and cotton, are used to prevent recontamination and provide adequate temporary restoration. The objective of this study was to compare the degree of coronal microleakage in provisional Cavit restorations with a thickness of 3.5mm that use PTFE as a spacer at different thicknesses. This quantitative and experimental in vitro study was carried out in the microbiology and dentistry laboratories of the University of Cuenca. 72 lower incisors of cattle divided into 3 groups in which Teflon pellets of different thicknesses were applied and 1 cotton group were used as a control to evaluate the microleakage of E. faecalis by means of a microbial filtration model within 21 days. The results showed statistically significant differences between the groups when evaluating colony-forming units (CFUs), there were no differences between the days of filtration between the groups. In addition, it was not possible to establish a relationship between the leak days and the UFC. This study shows the superiority in the sealing capacity of PTFE when compared to cotton when used as spacers in temporary restorations.
Estudio de la anatomía interna de incisivos inferiores mediante el método de diafanización
(2013) Kun Astudillo, Kenia Karen; Álvarez Vásquez, José Luis
Knowledge of the anatomy of the intricate and complex root canal system of each tooth group is of utmost importance for dental practice, it constitutes one of the cornerstones for the success of endodontic treatment along with the diagnosis, chemomechanical preparation and obturation. Hence, it is appropriate to conduct studies on anatomical diversity of the root canal system of lower incisors, cataloged according to many professionals as having just one root canal. Various techniques have been employed to study the root canal system of lower incisors, however clearing technique by which one can get a dental tissue clearance is one of the most used and a very didactic teaching method at the same time, because it allows to obtain translucent tooth root canals and possible anatomic variants pigmented, making possible a 3D visualization of the complex root canal system. In the present investigation 143 lower incisors were cleared, in order to describe their internal anatomy and to get information from our own environment as well, which can be useful for students and professionals working in the endodontic field. The results showed that 89.5% of the incisors had a type I canal, 1.4% type II, 2,1 % type III, 1.4% type IV, 4.2% type V and 0.7% type VII. The incidence of lateral canals and deltas was 37,8% and 15,73, respectively
Fracaso anestésico del bloqueo del nervio alveolar inferior en pulpitis irreversible sintomática en molares inferiores y técnicas de complementación ante ésta eventualidad
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2018) Kun Astudillo, Kenia Karen
The endodontic therapy especially in cases of symptomatic irreversible pulpitis is possible whenever there is a deep anesthesia. The failure rate of the technique for lower alveolar nerve block is high (44% -81%), which is why the clinician must consider the existence of multiple factors. Among them is mentioned the pH of the lesion area, the concentration of the anesthetic solution, the presence of cytokines or other mediators of inflammation as well as the patient's components such as stress, nervousness, individual variations. The objective of this literature review is to group the factors involved in the failure of the inferior alveolar nerve block, as well as to disclose the complementary techniques that are currently used to supplement this problem.
Influencia de las enfermedades sistémicas en la reparación postendodóntica
(2024-09-11) Azanza Santacruz, Carolina Michelle; Freire Narvaez, Johanna Estefanía; Kun Astudillo, Kenia Karen
Systemic diseases are conditions that impact several organ systems, affecting the immune system of those who suffer from them. At the oral level, these diseases manifest signs and symptoms which, combined with the deficiency in the patients' defense mechanisms and alterations in the healing processes, directly influence the efficacy of treatments aimed at addressing endodontic pathologies. The purpose of this research is to review selected literature addressing the influence of systemic diseases (diabetes, HIV, cardiovascular diseases, autoimmune diseases, inflammatory bowel diseases and smoking) on postendodontic repair. Materials and methods: Information was obtained by searching databases such as Pubmed, Google Scholar, Scopus, EBSCO host, Science Direct, Elsevier and ResearchGate, selecting research according to inclusion and exclusion criteria. Results: Systemic diseases such as diabetes, cardiovascular disease, HIV infection, inflammatory bowel disease and smoking can interfere with the repair process of periapical tissues after endodontic treatment. Conclusions: The impact of systemic diseases on the repair process following endodontic treatment is suggested. However, further longitudinal studies are required to evaluate the effect of systemic diseases on periapical healing. In addition, the importance of knowledge about the systemic health of patients is highlighted as it may alter the outcome of endodontic infection treatment.
Inteligencia artificial en el diagnóstico, tratamiento y pronóstico en Endodoncia: revisión exhaustiva de la literatura
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2025-09-16) González Rodríguez, Nathaly Adriana; Malla Domínguez, Gianella Fernanda; Kun Astudillo, Kenia Karen
The objective of this article is to conduct a comprehensive review of the applications of artificial intelligence (AI) in endodontics, focusing on diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis. To compile the information, a search was conducted in the scientific databases PubMed, Scopus, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar, selecting studies in English between 2016 and 2025. After applying inclusion and exclusion criteria and removing duplicates, 51 articles were included. In diagnosis, AI models based on convolutional neural networks (CNN), such as Diagnocat, have demonstrated over 90% accuracy in detecting periapical lesions using radiographs and CBCT. Likewise, AI algorithms have been able to identify vertical root fractures in radiographs. In the analysis of root and canal morphology, deep learning models showed high accuracy in detecting C-shaped root canals and other anatomical variations. In terms of treatment, deep learning models help improve treatment planning. In addition, neural network-based algorithms have surpassed the accuracy of traditional electronic apex locators in determining root canal length. Regarding prognosis, AI models have achieved 95.6% accuracy in predicting pain after root canal treatment. However, it faces limitations such as the need for large volumes of data, high cost, and lack of self-development. Future studies should address these challenges to improve its integration into clinical practice.
Microbots: herramientas para el diagnóstico y tratamiento en endodoncia
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2025-06-26) Córdova Muñoz, Nicole Alejandra; Kun Astudillo, Kenia Karen
Despite advances in techniques and materials, significant challenges remain, especially in the complete disinfection and cleaning of the root canal system due to its complex anatomy and the presence of resistant microorganisms. In this context, microbots have emerged as innovative technology with the potential to improve endodontic treatments. Their ability to navigate and operate with precision in confined spaces allows for effective control and elimination of infectious agents and localized drug delivery. This thesis aims to review the existing literature on the use of microbots in endodontics, highlighting their diagnostic and therapeutic applications, as well as the challenges and prospects in this field.
Remoción del barrillo dentario después de la preparación del espacio para el poste: requisito u omisión
(2016) Pinos Luzuriaga, María Karina; Kun Astudillo, Kenia Karen
The long-term prognosis of endodontically treated tooth depends on proper final restoration that will prevent recontamination of the root canal system, while allowing effectively restore function and aesthetics in mouth. Placement of posts in the root canal is indicated when the residual dental substrate is very limited, allowing the specialist to reconstruct tooth structure for the future restoration can be retained. Several studies conclude at fiberglass post are one of the best ways to establish a safe anchorage between the tooth and restoration, which are retained within the root canal using resin cements in combination with adhesive systems. This anchorage can be modified by various factors that can be dependent the choice operator's, chemomechanical protocols in endodontic therapy and at the time of preparation of post space; or independent from operator like the anatomy of the root, smear layer formation during unsealing, substrate adhesion, endogenous mechanisms and material behavior. Therefore, the present study proposes a review of the variables whom the specialists confront to obtain an adequate post retention to the root canal with adhesive cements, proposing several irrigation protocols and auxiliary devices based on scientific evidence to help to neutralize adverse effects the operator can control.