Browsing by Author "Jaramillo Aguilar, Damary Silvana"

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Conocimientos sobre genética y actitudes sobre pruebas genéticas entre los internos rotativos de medicina de la universidad de cuenca. Cuenca-Azuay, 2021
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2022-09-30) Jaramillo Aguilar, Damary Silvana; Machado Orellana, María Gabriela
Background: Genetics has extensive applicability in medicine. However, health professionals have poor knowledge on the subject. At this point, undergraduate training in genetics is essential. Objective: To determine the knowledge about genetics and the attitudes about genetic testing of the Medical Rotational Interns of the Universidad de Cuenca. Methodology: An observational, descriptive, cross-sectional, descriptive study was carried out with a sample of 153 Medical Rotational Interns. Sociodemographic factors, knowledge about genetics and attitudes about genetic testing were studied. The third version of the Survey on Knowledge and Attitudes in Genetics was applied. Percentages and frequencies were used for categorical variables. For continuous variables with normal distribution, means and standard deviations were used. The median and interquartile range were used for variables that did not meet this criterion. Statistical analysis was performed with IBM-SPSS v.23 and Microsoft Excel 2016. Results: A total of 153 Medical Rotational Interns were surveyed. The 51.0% corresponded to the September 2021-August 2022 Cohort. The 58.2% were female. The female between 22 and 25 years old were 85.0%. The 75.2% had a medium level of genetic knowledge, followed by low (15.0%) and high (9.8%) knowledge. Participants' attitudes were adequate in relation to the application of genetics, conventional medicine and biomedical research. Conclusions: The level of knowledge about genetics and the attitudes about genetic testing of the Medical Rotational Interns of the Universidad de Cuenca were medium and adequate, respectively.
COVID-19 anxiety, depression and stress in Latin American health professionals: characteristics and associated factors
(2021) Aveiro Róbalo, Telmo Raúl; Chávez Gutierrez, Fiorella Sthefany; Meléndez Sánchez, Sheyla Yosselin; Vinelli Arzubiaga, Daniella; Jaramillo Aguilar, Damary Silvana; Rojas Roa, Javiera L.; Vilela Estrada, Martín A.; Serna Alarcón, Víctor; Arias Chavez, Dennis; Mejía, Christian R.
Due to the pandemic, an increase in mental health problems has been reported in members of the health personnel, with the self-report being an initial way of evaluating it. The objective was to determine the factors associated with the perception of repercussions in the mental sphere in health professionals in Latin America before COVID-19. An analytical cross-sectional study was carried out between June and August 2020 in Latin America. The perception of repercussions was measured through an instrument previously validated in Peru, which was taken virtually from 406 doctors, nurses and others; this was crossed versus other variables. The main concern was returning home and infecting their family (22% strongly agree), followed by feeling the abuse because they do not give them the necessary amount of personal protective equipment (13% strongly agree) and perceiving mental exhaustion for all the activities they did (12% strongly agree). In the multivariate analysis, the older there was a lower perception of mental repercussion (aPR: 0.98; 95% CI: 0.97-0.99; p value = 0.012); In addition, those who had a greater perception of repercussions in the mental sphere also had more anxiety at a low level (aPR: 1.84; 95% CI: 1.14-2.98; p value = 0.013) and post-traumatic stress (aPR: 2.28; 95% CI: 1.61-3.22; p value <0.001), adjusted for depression and stress. Despite being an exploratory analysis, important associations were found in the mental sphere; which should continue to be investigated in larger studies.
Histiocitosis de células mixtas: reporte de un caso
(2022) Jaramillo Aguilar, Damary Silvana
Introduction: Histiocytoses are rare diseases characterized by tissue infiltration by abnormal histiocytes. They are divided into five groups. They are frequent in the pediatric population. The combination of Langerhans cell histiocytosis and non-Langerhans cell histiocytosis is fortuitous. Case report: We report the case of a 66-year-old female patient who debuted with a history of systemic involvement, in which the presence of tumor masses on the anterior aspect of the legs, generalized bone pain and endocrinological alterations attracted our attention. The diagnosis of mixed histiocytosis was suggested. Treatment with anti BRAF V600E monoclonal antibodies, interferon alpha and/or chemotherapy was recommended. Conclusion: It is possible to make the diagnosis of histiocytosis based on the patient's personal pathological history and the clinical findings with the support of radiological, histological and immunohistochemical studies. Finally, this is the first case of mixed histiocytosis published in Ecuador.
Knowledge, Perceptions, and Practices on Risks and Disasters Among Medical Students. A Multicenter Cross-Sectional Study in 9 Latin American and Caribbean Countries
(2023) Jaramillo Aguilar, Damary Silvana
Purpose: The objective of this study was to describe the level of knowledge, perceptions, and practices in relation to risks and disasters in medical schools in Latin America and the Caribbean. Participants and Methods: Multicenter, observational, analytical, non-probabilistic convenience sample study with 2546 medical students in 9 countries of Latin America and the Caribbean. An online survey was conducted between October 2020 and November 2020, using an instrument validated in each country to assess knowledge, perceptions, and practices regarding risk and disaster prevention measures. Frequencies, percentages, mean and standard deviation (SD) were used for descriptive analysis. Differences resulting from the relationship between the variables studied and the level of knowledge were obtained using the Chi-square test. P-value [removed]
Perceived fatality prior to COVID-19 infection in 13 Latin American countries (FAT-LAT-COVID-19): revalidation of a shortened scale
(2022) Mamani Benito, Óscar Javier; Rojas Roa, Javiera L.; Jaramillo Aguilar, Damary Silvana; Serna Alarcón, Víctor; Vilela Estrada, Martín Arturo; Mejía Guamán, Christian Fernando; Aveiro Róbalo, Telmo Raúl; Garlisi Torales, Luciana Daniela; Carranza Esteban, Renzo Felipe
Introduction: COVID-19 has generated great repercussions for the population globally; millions of deaths have been reported worldwide. The idea of death is especially exacerbated when there are close to death experiences that remind us how close we are to fatality. This is why it is important to measure fatalistic ideas of those who have not yet been infected. Objective: To revalidate a scale that measures fatalistic perception prior to COVID-19 infection in a population of 13 Latin American countries. Methodology: We conducted an instrumental study. We used a previously validated scale in Peru, with seven items divided into two factors and with five possible Likert-type responses (from strongly disagree to strongly agree). It was administered to a large population in 13 Spanish-speaking countries in Latin America; for each of the seven questions, 886 people were surveyed. With these results, descriptive and analytical statistics were performed. Results: The mean, standard deviation, skewness, and kurtosis of the seven initial questions were adequate in most cases. In the confirmatory factor analysis, the lack of fit was improved with the indexes' modification technique, which let us delete items 1 and 6. Thus, we could obtain satisfactory goodness-of-fit indices (CFI = 0.972, TLI = 0.931, GFI = 0.990, AGFI = 0.961, RMSEA = 0.080, and RMR = 0.047). Therefore, the final two-factor structure had a fairly adequate Cronbach's α (0.72, with a 95% confidence interval = 0.70–0.73). Conclusions: The scale that measures fatalism of Latin American countries in the face of the pandemic generated by COVID-19 was revalidated and shortened. Copyright © 2022 Mejia, Aveiro-Róbalo, Garlisi-Torales, Carranza Esteban, Mamani-Benito, Vilela-Estrada, Serna-Alarcón, Jaramillo-Aguilar and Rojas-Roa.
Revalidation of an ultra-short scale for the measurement of perceived job security in Latin America
(2022) Carranza Esteban, Renzo Felipe
Introduction: Due to the measures imposed by governments to reduce the spread of this new virus, the economic sector was one of the most affected during the COVID-19 pandemic. Several labor sectors had to undergo a virtual adaptation process resulting in job instability and job loss. The objective of this study was to revalidate an ultra-short scale for measuring perceived job security in Latin America. Methods: A revalidation study was done on a short scale that measures worker's perceived security about losing or keeping their job in the near future. Results: The four items remained on the revalidated scale, where all four explained a single factor. The goodness-of-fit measures confirmed the single-factor model (χ: 7.06; df: 2; p = 0.29; mean square error: 0.015; goodness-of-fit index: 0.998; adjusted goodness-of-fit index: 0.991; comparative fit index: 0.999; Tucker-Lewis index: 0.997; normalized fit index: 0.998; incremental fit index: 0.999; and root mean square error of approximation: 0.036). The scale's reliability was calculated using McDonald's omega coefficient, obtaining an overall result of ω = 0.72. Conclusions: The scale was correctly revalidated in Latin America, and the four items were kept in a single reliable factor.
Viruela símica: una revisión narrativa de la fisiopatología
(2023) Alvarez Guachichulca, Javier Santiago
Monkeypox is a zoonotic disease first identified in 1958. The virus is a member of the genus Orthopoxvirus, family Poxviridae. It infects a wide variety of mammals, but its natural reservoir is unknown. The virus in the 2022 outbreak belongs to clades IIa and IIb. The emergence of the current outbreak is likely to be due to importations from the 2017-2018 Nigerian outbreak. Person to person spread can occur through close contact with lesions, body fluids, respiratory droplets and contaminated objects. Once inside the body, the virus infects mucous membranes, epithelial cells and immune cells in adjacent tissues. The virus then replicates and spreads rapidly through the blood and lymphatic system. Tcells play an important role in regulating the immune response against the virus. However, Orthopoxvirus have evolved several mechanisms for evasion of the immune response. Disease surveillance is a crucial factor in virus risk assessment and outbreak control. For this review we searched for the main articles related to the pathogenesis of the virus published to date. The article highlights the need for further studies on transmissibility and pathogenicity of the strains associated with the 2022 outbreak.