Browsing by Author "Guerra de la Torre, Orivelsys"

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Características de las áreas del neurodesarrollo a partir de la aplicación del modelo Denver de atención temprana en niños con trastorno del espectro autista, de 1 a 5 años, del Centro de Diagnóstico e Intervención “Desafíos” en el año 2020
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2023-01-20) Blacio Loaiza, Narcisa Katherine; Guerra de la Torre, Orivelsys
Abstract: The autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is mainly characterized by a partial or total lack of the child’s communication and social skills, directly affecting their socio-educational integration in some cases, as well as their learning skills, with a consequent limitation on standard and emotional affective practices. Overall objective: Describing the characteristics of the neurodevelopmental areas starting with the application of the Early Start Denver Model on children with autism spectrum disorder between 1 and 5 years old from the “Desafíos” Diagnostic and Intervention Center in the year 2020. Materials and methods: A retrospective, cross-sectional, descriptive research was developed based on information from 43 cases of children with ASD. The analyzed variables were: age, sex, origin, ASD diagnosis, and neurodevelopmental areas, applying a percentage distribution and its relation through a Chi-squared test. Data collection was conducted through a registration form and the curriculum checklist from the ESDM and processed on Microsoft Excel 2019 and SPSS 28.0. Results: The age distribution (in months) resulted in: 48.84% ages 37 to 48; 25.58% ages 25 to 36 years old; 20.93% ages 49 to 60 and 4.65% ages 12 to 24. 67.44% were boys and 32.56% were girls (2:1). The 90.70% lived in Azuay. The highest incidence was grade 2 ASD with 46.51%; grade 3 with 30,23% and grade 1 with 23.26%. The 18 to 24 months development level prevailed in expressive communication (34.88%), social skills (37.21%), and adaptive behavior (39.53%). The 24 to 36 months prevailed in receptive communication (41.86%), cognition (41,86%), playing abilities (37.21%), and fine and gross motor skills (39.53%). The relationship between the development level and ASD severity was determined as (p< 0,001 y p= 0,002.) Conclusion: The development of neurological dimensions in children with ASD is strongly related to the severity of the diagnosed ASD, showing a higher influence on communication and social skills, adaptative behavior, and personal independence thus, being the most affected areas.
Caracterización de los posibles factores de riesgo asociados a la hipoacusia en pacientes que acudieron al centro auditivo GAES Azogues julio 2018-diciembre 2020
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2023-01-30) Juca Córdova, Jessica Paola; Salazar Neira, Karen Michelle; Guerra de la Torre, Orivelsys
Background: Hearing loss is the dysfunction on the hearing ability which occurs in different levels of intensity, extensions, and topography. Pure-tone audiometry has been used to measure hearing loss impairment. Some of the risk factors prevailing in patients with hearing loss are, among others, age, sex, occupation, arterial hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and noise exposure. It is important to study risk factors influencing hearing loss in order to prevent them. Objective: To characterize potential risk factors associated with hearing loss in patients who attended the GAES Azogues Hearing Center from July 2018 to December 2020. Methodology: A quantitative cross-sectional descriptive study was carried out in order to analyze the medical records and audiometry test results of 172 patients who underwent attended the GAES Azogues Hearing Center from July 2018 to December 2020. Information was recorder in a data collection form and the results were analyzed using SPSS Statistics 27 Microsoft Excel. Results: The presence of sensorineural hearing loss with recorded by 85,5%, with prevalence in male patients by 59.9%, those over 65 years of age by 57%, as well as a moderate degree by 61%, and bilateral extension by 89,5%. The most prevailing risk factors associated with hearing loss are arterial hypertension, by 87.5%, and noise exposure, by 86.7%. These show the presence of sensorineural hearing loss. Conclusions: The risk factor with the highest percentage is the cardiovascular disease known as arterial hypertension. The audiometry tests results show predominance of hearing loss of the sensorineural type, featuring moderate degree and bilateral extension. It is relevant in men over 65 years of age.
Incidencia de trastorno de los sonidos del habla de los usuarios entre 3 a 6 años de la Unidad Educativa “Miguel Moreno Ordoñez” periodo marzo 2021- diciembre 2021, Cuenca
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2022-07-05) Coronel Jara, Melissa Carolina; Ochoa Cedillo, Alexandra Beatriz; Guerra de la Torre, Orivelsys
ABSTRACT Background: Speech sound disorder is the most common of childhood communication difficulties and constitutes more than 70% of cases of pediatric speech and language pathology. Speech and language deficits may be related to learning difficulties in reading and writing, impaired academic performance, and secondary emotional and behavioral deficits. Objectives: to determine the incidence of speech sound disorders in users between 3 and 6 years of age of the "Miguel Moreno Ordoñez" educational unit during the period from March to December 2021, Cuenca. Methodology: a quantitative, descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out. A sample of 126 students aged between 3 to 6 years was used. Excel information was tabulated and analyzed with SPSS. The qualitative variables were presented with frequencies and percentages, while for the qualitative variables, central trend statistics were used as the mean and dispersion as the standard deviation. For the association of variables, Pearson's Chi square was used. Results: the incidence obtained was 0.48. The mean age presented was 4.69 (±1.3) years. Most of the population were 6-year-old men of urban origin with parents who have a secondary education. 48.8% of children have TSH, of which most have mixed disorders (40.5%). All the people who present a TSH (44.4%) currently receive some type of treatment for their pathology. When relating age, sociodemographic variables and the presence of TSH, no statistically significant relationship was observed.
Prevalencia de los trastornos del desarrollo del lenguaje en niños de 2 a 6 años. Centro de Desarrollo Infantil-Universidad de Cuenca. 2023
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2025-08-04) Pugo Paucar, Marcela Salomé; Guerra de la Torre, Orivelsys
Background: Developmental language disorders (DLD) significantly affect communication, learning, and social interaction during childhood. In Ecuador, the lack of research on their prevalence limits the implementation of early intervention strategies. Objective: To determine the prevalence of DLD in children aged 2 to 6 years who attended the Child Development Center at the University of Cuenca in 2023. Methodology: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted through the review of 62 medical records of children evaluated in the speech therapy department. Sociodemographic data and diagnoses were collected based on the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-11). Information was entered into a structured Google Forms database and analyzed using SPSS version 27. Descriptive statistics were used: mean, standard deviation, and variance for quantitative variables, and frequency and percentage tables for qualitative variables. Results: 43.6% of the children presented some type of DLD. The most frequent was receptive and expressive language impairment (19.4%), followed by general developmental language disorder (16.1%) and expressive language impairment (8.1%). Prevalence was higher in boys (63%) and in 4-year-old children (33.3%). Conclusion: The high prevalence of DLD in this population highlights the need for timely detection and multidisciplinary intervention during the early stages of development.