Browsing by Author "Guanuchi Quito, Juan Carlos"

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Análisis comparativo de Downscaling estadístico y dinámico en las cuencas de los ríos Paute y Jubones
(2015) Guanuchi Quito, Juan Carlos; Samaniego Alvarado, Esteban Patricio
Global circulation models are a powerful tool for climate prediction. The coarse scale of their results makes them difficult to apply to decision-making processes at local and regional level. Aiming at the incorporation of regional and local information, several downscaling techniques have been devised. Notwithstanding, their application, the results exhibit errors; to tackle this problem, the technique known as Quantile Mapping allows a consistent change on the results distribution, so that they are fitted to the observations distribution. This technique is applied to downscaling results for the Paute and Jubones basins, located in Southern Ecuador. It is observed that they depend on the Quantile Mapping variant applied. Even though it is clear that errors cannot be completely eliminated, improvement of up to 70% has been attained in dynamical downscaling; in statistical downscaling, just a slight improvement is observed. To identify and generate projections of climate change in the basins, Delta method was applied, with their results seasonality, anomalies, and climate variability were analyzed.
Análisis de la eficiencia del tratamiento con microalgas Chlorella vulgaris y Nannochloropsis sp para la remoción de nutrientes y materia orgánica de aguas residuales domésticas provenientes de una vivienda de la parroquia Baños
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2024-09-10) Carchi Brito, Kimberly Maylee; Guanga Tuquiñagui, Camila Lisseth; Guanuchi Quito, Juan Carlos
The contamination of water caused by untreated domestic wastewater leads to environmental issues, such as eutrophication. A laboratory-scale study was conducted to evaluate the removal capacity of nitrates, nitrites, ammonium, and phosphorus using the species Chlorella vulgaris and Nannochloropsis sp.. The tests were performed under the following light intensities: 480 μmol/m²s, 360 μmol/m²s, and 240 μmol/m²s. It was determined that there were no significant differences in removal rates influenced by light intensity. However, at 240 μmol/m²s over 200 minutes, the following growth rates were recorded: 4,44 day⁻¹ for Chlorella vulgaris and 2,17 day⁻¹ for Nannochloropsis sp.. The biomass concentration variation tests lasted 7 days, and specific growth rates were obtained during the exponential phase, with 0,2810 day⁻¹ for the lowest biomass concentration and 0,2194 day⁻¹ for the highest in Chlorella vulgaris. For Nannochloropsis sp., the rates were 0,1666 day⁻¹ and 0,1416 day⁻¹, respectively. The respective doubling times for the microalgae were 2,46, 3.15, 4.16, and 4,89 days. Additionally, the removal percentages for nitrites, nitrates, ammonium, and phosphorus reached values of 87,5%, 95,12%, 97,3%, and 78% for Chlorella vulgaris, and 85,7%, 95,12%, 35,39%, and 28,57% for Nannochloropsis sp.. The COD for both species exceeded 70%. The harvested microalgae after treatment showed a carbon-nitrogen ratio of 1,8:1 for Chlorella vulgaris and 1,2:1 for Nannochloropsis sp.
Determinación de la huella de carbono y la huella hídrica del campus Balzay de la Universidad de Cuenca en el periodo enero - diciembre de 2023
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2024-09-09) Morocho Guamán, María Belen; Zumba Nacipucha, Hilda Elizabeth; Guanuchi Quito, Juan Carlos
The water and carbon footprint are indicators that allow improving the environment and mitigating the effects of climate change, measuring directly and indirectly the impact generated by human beings. Universities as institutions of higher education also contribute to the generation of greenhouse gas emissions. The main objective of this study was to quantify the water and carbon footprint of the Balzay campus of the University of Cuenca. To calculate the water footprint, the methodology of Hoekstra (2011) (Water Footprint Network) was used, which consists of four steps: establishment of objectives, calculation of the direct water footprint (blue, gray, green) and indirect water footprint (electricity, paper). The calculation of the carbon footprint was performed according to the ISO 14064-1:2018 standard, with which the first four categories of emissions were calculated. The results indicated that for the year 2023, 673.66 t CO2 were emitted, being mobility, especially air travel of teachers and researchers, which generated the largest amount of emissions with a contribution of 463.52 t CO2 eq. The total water footprint was 73 239.663 m3 /year, with the direct water footprint being the largest, with a volume of 36 921.30 m3 /year, while the indirect footprint obtained a value of 36 318.360 m3 /year, of which the majority comes from electricity consumption with a value of 31 527.48 m3 /year. Based on these results, measures were proposed to reduce both footprints, including energy efficiency, waste management, sustainable mobility and efficient water management.