Browsing by Author "Guanuchi Quezada, Christian Marcelo"

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Evaluación del cloro residual en la red de distribución de agua potable del cantón Azogues a través de un modelo experimental
(2017) Guanuchi Quezada, Christian Marcelo; Ordóñez Jara, Juan Andrés; García Ávila, Fausto Fernando
Several factors that degrade the quality of the water may occur in drinking water distribution networks. Several researchers have been concerned to develop methodologies to improve the quality of water in distribution networks through the simulation of water quality parameters. The objective of this study was to use the EPANET model to simulate the water quality of a sector of the system of water supply of drinking in the city of Azogues. Campaigns were carried out for the determination of the hydraulic characteristics (flow and pressure) and concentrations of residual chlorine in the minutiae of the network. The models hydraulic and quality made in EPANET were calibrated and validated for the forecast of the profiles of pressure and residual chlorine, achieving results in the simulations are very close to those measured in the field in the different points sampled, demonstrating that this type of modeling is a valuable tool that allows the monitoring of the quality of the water in each point of the distribution network.
Modeling of residual chlorine in a drinking water network in times of pandemic of the SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19)
(2021) García Ávila, Fausto Fernando; Avilés Añazco, Alex Manuel; Ordoñez Jara, Juan Andres; Guanuchi Quezada, Christian Marcelo; Flores del Pino, Lisveth; Ramos Fernández, Lía
Due to the outbreak of the novel coronavirus disease there is a need for public water supply of the highest quality. Adequate levels of chlorine allow immediate elimination of harmful bacteria and viruses and provide a protective residual throughout the drinking water distribution network (DWDN). Therefore, a residual chlorine decay model was developed to predict chlorine levels in a real drinking water distribution network. The model allowed determining human exposure to drinking water with a deficit of residual chlorine, considering that it is currently necessary for the population to have clean water to combat coronavirus Covid 19. The chlorine bulk decay rates (kb) and the reaction constant of chlorine with the pipe wall (kw) were experimentally determined. Average kb and kw values of 3.7 d− 1 and 0.066m d− 1 were obtained, respectively. The values of kb and kw were used in EPANET to simulate the chlorine concentrations in a DWDN. The residual chlorine concentrations simulated by the properly calibrated and validated model were notably close to the actual concentrations measured at different points of the DWDN. The results showed that maintaining a chlorine concentration of 0.87 mg L− 1 in the distribution tank, the residual chlorine values in the nodes complied with the cuadorian standard (0.3 mg L− 1); meanwhile, about 45% of the nodes did not comply with what is recommended by the WHO as a mechanism to combat the current pandemic (0.5 mg L− 1). This study demonstrated that residual chlorine modeling is a valuable tool for monitoring water quality in the distribution network, allowing to control residual chlorine levels in this pandemic season.
Pressure management for leakage reduction using pressure reducing valves. Case study in an Andean city
(2019) Avilés Añazco, Alex Manuel; Flores del Pino, Lisveth; Ramos Fernández, Lia; Guanuchi Quezada, Christian Marcelo; Garcíaa Ávila, Fausto Fernando
A very common problem in distribution systems is water leakage, which can be reduced by pressure management. The objective of this study was to evaluate the reduction of water leakage by optimizing the pressure using pressure reducing valves (PRV). The corresponding hydraulic model of a real distribution network was developed using the EPANET software. After the hydraulic model was calibrated and validated, the analysis of the pressure in the nodes, the velocity in the pipes, through the technical performance indicators (TPI) was performed, in addition, the leakages were quantified. The initial results indicated the need to optimize the pressure, nodes with excessive pressures were found in the lower part of the network. WaterNetGen was used as an extension of EPANET software to model leakages based on pressure after determining the leakage coefficient and considering the installation of two PRVs. The results allowed optimizing the appropriate pressure in 30.83% of the nodes and minimizing leakages in 31.65%. In turn, the simulation assuming the installation of two PRVs determined that the TPI would increase from 79.81% to 97.45%. The focus of this study is recommended to the companies that supply drinking water as a support tool for planning to reduce leakages.