Browsing by Author "Gavilanes Rodas, Juan Diego"

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    El uso la inteligencia artificial en farmacovigilancia en pacientes con enfermedades crónicas: Una revisión bibliográfica
    (Universidad de Cuenca, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, 2026-01-22) Gavilanes Rodas, Juan Diego; Martínez León, Maritza del Rosario
    The actions involved in pharmacovigilance of patients with chronic diseases have made it possible to guarantee the safety of drugs and the applications of artificial intelligence developing these actions. The objective of this work was to evaluate the efficacy, safety, and feasibility of AI used in pharmacovigilance in chronic diseases, through a bibliographic review. The methodology followed PRISMA guidelines: search in PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, ScienceDirect and Redalyc, titles and abstracts were selected, applying inclusion and exclusion criteria, finding 10 articles for review. The results show a diverse use of techniques: natural language processing (NLP) and TF-IDF to extract ADRs from unstructured texts, disproportionality algorithms (PRR/ROR) in large report databases, Machine Learning models (Random Forest, neural networks) for risk stratification, rule mining (A priori) for polypharmacy patterns, OCR to improve adherence and advanced techniques (NAS, Bayesian) in oncology; Advantages include early signal detection, improved risk stratification, therapy optimization for polypharmacy users, and time savings; however, it faces disadvantages such as data bias, underreporting in spontaneous reports, false alerts, and privacy and data security challenges. On the other hand, the geographic comparison revealed that the United States and the United Kingdom lead in ML and Big Data, Europe uses mixed methods, China and Korea apply digital platforms and OCR, and India explores advanced optimizations. In conclusion, AI holds promise for improving pharmacovigilance in chronic diseases, but its implementation requires interoperability, data governance, anonymization, and ongoing clinical validation.
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    Evaluación de la eficacia del desinfectante líquido alcalino clorado (ACL 40) frente a coliformes totales y E. coli en las superficies en contacto con alimentos en el área de producción de la empresa New Lac
    (2019-11-07) Gavilanes Rodas, Juan Diego; Vásquez Peralta, Sergio Esteban; Carchipulla Sanango, Claudia Janneth
    The efficacy of the chlorinated alkaline liquid disinfectant ACL 40 in 5% concentration for 30 minutes of exposure time, was evaluated against total coliforms and E. coli on regular and irregular inert surfaces in contact with food in the production area of the company New Lac. This study was based on a descriptive, observational, cross-sectional research. The sampling was carried out by means of the hyssop method. A total of 240 samples were sampled for later analysis by 3M® Petrifilm Plates: E. coli / Coliforms. In the statistical analysis, the Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney test was used, because the results were non-parametric. The alternative hypothesis was accepted: "The population of total coliforms and E. coli before the PLD is greater than the population of total coliforms and E. coli after the PLD." However, to show the dispersion of the microbiological counts, histograms were performed and to demonstrate the microbicidal action of the disinfectant, box plots were used, which allowed comparing the bacterial populations of both total coliforms and E. coli before and after the PLD. Finally, the colony count of total coliforms where the significant reduction of the population of total coliforms was observed in most of the regular and irregular inert surfaces, complying with the rule. In the case of E. coli, absence was reported in the microbiological counts, achieving the elimination of the population and thus complying with the regulations, which requires the absence of the microorganism in question.