Browsing by Author "Espinoza Rojas, Elizabeth Patricia"

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Estudio clínico aleatorizado multicentro de la eficacia analgésica del tramadol durante la fase activa del parto
(2014) Espinoza Rojas, Elizabeth Patricia; Abril Matute, Cumandá Patricia; Arévalo Peláez, Carlos Eduardo
Background: Pain relief is a significant issue for women in labor. The level of pain experienced and efficacy in decreasing pain influence the satisfaction of the mother. Objective: To determine the efficacy of Tramadol 100mg IM, to decrease the pain of active labor, interference with the duration of the active phase, vitality fetal, neonatal and significant adverse effects. Methods and techniques: We conducted a multicenter randomized controlled trial, blinded assessor and the statistical results in the “Hospital José Carrasco Arteaga” and “Vicente Corral Moscoso” of Cuenca- Ecuador, from December 2012 to september 2013, the study group was formed 73 parturients to Tramadol were administered during the active phase of labor, and for the control group were given 73 parturients N - butyl scopolamine. Results: it was found that at 30 minutes and when evaluated with tramadol, the pain was constant, but with the N-butyl scopolamine there was an increase, reaching the latter to be severe at 2 hours, which never happened to manage the Tramadol, even after 4 hours of evaluated, showing that there is a decrease in pain and a constant moderate pain all the time evaluated. Regarding the duration of the active phase, prolongation was not seen in the same, either impaired fetal vitality, but if there was a greater change in the newborn Apgar, which is not clear whether might be attributed to other causes. Regarding adverse effects of matched: nausea and vomiting were higher in the tramadol group without becoming a major contraindication for administration. Descriptors: ACTIVE PHASE OF LABOR, VISUAL ANALOG SCALE (EVA), TRAMADOL, N - BUTYL SCOPOLAMINE.
Factores maternos y fetales asociados a la inducción del trabajo de parto, Hospital Vicente Corral Moscoso, Cuenca 2019
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2020-06-29) Lema Guamán, Rosa Oliva; Espinoza Rojas, Elizabeth Patricia; Tapia Cárdenas, Jeanneth Patricia
Background: Induction of labor is a frequent practice in obstetrics, with an increase in its numbers being observed in recent decades worldwide. Objective: To determine the maternal and fetal factors associated with labor induction in hospitalized patients in the Gynecology and Obstetrics department of the Vicente Corral Moscoso hospital, Cuenca, 2019. Methods: Analytical study carried out on 208 pregnant women admitted to the Gynecology and Obstetrics area who met the inclusion criteria. The information was processed in the SPSS version 15 program. For the analysis we used descriptive statistics based on frequencies and percentages, the statistical association was measured with the Chi 2 test and Prevalence Ratio (RP), 95% confidence interval, considering statistically significant p <0.05. Results: The mean age was 24.7 (SD ± 5.93), secondary education, stable marital status predominated. There was association and statistical significance of maternal-fetal factors to induction of labor such as: premature rupture of membranes RP 2.97 (95% CI: 2.09–4.24 p-value 0.000); preeclampsia RP 2.13 (95% CI: 1.46–3.10 p-value 0.000); late term pregnancy RP 2.91 (95% CI: 2.12–3.99 p-value 0.000); intrauterine growth restriction RP 3.22 (95% CI: 2.62-3.95 p-value 0.000). Not so for chorioamnionitis RP 3.08 (95% CI: 2.53–3.76 p value 0.33) and fetal death RP 1.55 (95% CI: 0.68–3.54 p value 0.31). Conclusions: There was an association and statistical significance with maternal-fetal factors associated with induction such as: premature rupture of membranes, pre-eclampsia, late-term pregnancy, intrauterine growth restriction. Not so for chorioamnionitis and fetal death.
Influencia de la actividad física en la gestación. Revisión sistemática
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2021-06-02) Coyago Bueno, Irma Soledad; Espinoza Rojas, Elizabeth Patricia; Salazar Torres, Zoila Katherine
Background: during pregnancy, physical activity (PA) acquires peculiar consideration because it is a period in which various anatomical-physiological and psychic changes occur. General objective: to evaluate the influence of physical activity in pregnancy. Methodology: systematic review. Randomized clinical trials, meta-analyzes, cohort and case- control and descriptive trials published in the last 5 years with quality of evidence quartile one to three were included. The electronic databases used were: Pubmed, Medline, Lilacs, Cochrane, Lilacs and Scielo; Descriptors in English and Spanish were used for the search, Boolean search engines were simultaneously applied: and, or and not to specify the search. Results: in four articles, a great variability of PA was verified during pregnancy; the factors related to physical inactivity in pregnancy listed in four articles were: sociodemographic, environmental and reproductive. Rodríguez, Vásquez and Carpenter showed a positive influence of exercise on systolic and diastolic pressure, peripheral resistance and heart rate; physical activity improved ischiopubertal flexibility and spinal curvature, cord blood saturation, birth weight, and Apgar score. Likewise, other authors such as: Du, Ming, Nguyen, positioned exercise as a protective factor in gestational diabetes. Conclusions: scientific evidence supported that physical activity during pregnancy without obstetric and / or medical contraindications and with adequate supervision turned out to be a safe and beneficial practice. Limitations: access to high-quality information of evidence by economic category
Prevalencia y factores asociados a cesárea primitiva. Hospital José Carrasco Arteaga, 2019
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2021-05-20) Coronel Barbecho, Fanny Piedad; Espinoza Rojas, Elizabeth Patricia; Salazar Torres, Zoila Katherine
Background: the prevalence of cesarean section has increased worldwide in the last 50 years, currently it is around 30% compared to 5% in the 60s. Objective: to establish the prevalence and factors associated with primitive cesarean section, Hospital José Carrasco Arteaga, year 2019. Methodology: this was a cross-sectional study. The sample consisted of 267 pregnant women who met the inclusion criteria. The data were analyzed in the SPSS 25 program, the study variables were presented in percentage, the associated factor was established with values of Prevalence Ratio with 95% confidence interval, the hypothesis was accepted with p-value < 0.05. Results: the prevalence of primitive cesarean section was 49.06%, 63.67% were young adults, 53.93% married, 59.55% urban residence, 43.45% high school and 60.67% employed. Overweight represented 54.31% and 80.9% had a full-term pregnancy. The unfavorable conditions were 17.9% non-reassuring fetal status, 13% fetal dystocia and 8.6% maternal dystocia, obesity as comorbidity was 35.2% and the associated factors with statistical significance were: non-reassuring fetal status (PR= 2.6, p = 0.000), fetal dystocia (PR= 2.4, p = 0.000), maternal dystocia (PR= 2.2, p = 0.000) and preeclampsia PR= 1.91, p = 0.000). Conclusions: the prevalence of primitive cesarean section was 49.02%, the majority were young adults, the termination of pregnancy was at term, and the associated factors were: non-reassuring fetal status, fetal and maternal dystocia and preeclampsia.