Browsing by Author "Espinoza Loja, Patricia Alexandra"

Now showing 1 - 4 of 4

Dependencia funcional en los adultos mayores de la Fundación Santa Ana, Cuenca diciembre 2021- mayo 2022
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2022-04-07) Calle Espinoza, Jazmín Maribel; Chaquinga Cherrez, Evelyn Dayanna; Espinoza Loja, Patricia Alexandra
Background: Aging is the stage in which changes are experienced that generate physical, mental and social deterioration, leading older adults to present decreased functional capacity to perform activities of daily living. An assessment of functionality and degree of dependence is necessary to identify the condition of this population. Objective: To describe the level of functional dependence in older adults of the Santa Ana Foundation, Cuenca, December 2021- May 2022. Methodology: A cross-sectional descriptive research was carried out with a universe of 48 older adults of the Santa Ana Foundation. A comprehensive description of the level of functional dependence was made by applying scales of the Modified Katz Index and the Lawton and Brody Index, used by the Ministry of Public Health of Ecuador. Results: The universe consisted mainly of older adults aged ≥ 81 years, women, single and mostly without any level of education. It was determined that there is a higher percentage of older adults who are independent for the development of basic activities. According to the level of dependence in Instrumental activities of daily living 6.25% are independent, 70.83% need some help and 22.92% are dependent. Conclusions: It has been identified that functional dependence in older adults is lower to execute basic activities of daily living and functional dependence is higher to perform instrumental activities.
Factores asociados al abandono de la lactancia materna exclusiva en mujeres de 18 a 35 años de edad, del IESS Centro Materno Infantil y Emergencias, Cuenca 2022
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2023-05-17) Ochoa San Lucas, Naomi Stephanie; Ramírez Rosario, Karen Nayeli; Espinoza Loja, Patricia Alexandra
Background: Exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) is very important because it provides different nutrients and decreases the risk of producing respiratory, gastrointestinal, and in the long term diseases such as obesity and diabetes. According to Duque P, 14% of mothers do not breastfeed their children during the first six months of life, this may be due to health problems of the child and the mother. Objectives: To determine the factors associated with the abandonment of exclusive breastfeeding in women from 18 to 35 years of age at the IESS Centro Materno Infantil y Emergencias, March-August 2022. Methods: Observational-analytical and cross-sectional design, where the factors associated with the abandonment of EBF were analyzed through the application of a structured questionnaire of 19 items. Results: The factors influencing the abandonment of EBF were known among them were the majority residents of the rural area (32.8%), occupation (42.9%), marital status (22.7%), level of secondary education completed (30.8%), type of delivery by cesarean section (30.3%), information before or after delivery about breastfeeding (30.8%), the reason for abandoning breastfeeding, which were: sore nipples (20.2%), low milk (27.8%), maternal illness (UTI, respiratory problems). Conclusions: Exclusive breastfeeding abandonment was 56.1%. Therefore, more educational strategies on breastfeeding by health professionals are required.
Factores intrínsecos asociados a caídas en adultos mayores de la parroquia Ricaurte enero 2022- junio 2022
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2023-05-30) Gómez Calle, Jennifer Nicole; Zhuño Durán, María Gabriela; Espinoza Loja, Patricia Alexandra
Background: Falls in older adults, have become a Public Health issue due to several elements; according to WHO worldwide, 684 000 people die due to falls; for that reason it is the second cause of death1. These deaths are more frequent in low- and middle-income countries. The people vulnerable to these accidents and to whom a high morbidity and mortality rate is attributed are the elderly. The analysis of this topic is a priority, considering that Ecuador, a developing country, has an elderly population that represents 7.82% of the total population. Objectives: To determine the intrinsic factors associated with falls in older adults of the Ricaurte Cuenca Parish January 2022 - June 2022. Methods: Cross-sectional analytical study, which was carried out in the Ricaurte parish, with a total sample of 106 older adults, the assessment was performed using the Modified Tinetti scales, Fried's Criteria, Katz Index and the Lawton and Brody scale. Results: 106 older adults from the Ricaurte Parish were evaluated with a percentage of 67% female and 33% male. The relationship between the sex of the participants and the risk of falls was obtained, showing that there is a high risk of suffering falls in the female sex with 16.9%. In addition, according to statistical significance, having a history of falls is associated with the risk of falls according to the Tinetti scale.
Situación de riesgo y las formas de afrontamiento en adolescentes de la Unidad Educativa Temporal Miguel Merchán Ochoa sección nocturna. Cuenca 2015
(2015) Barahona Guallpa, Viviana Magali; Espinoza Loja, Patricia Alexandra; Rodríguez Sánchez, Dolores Amparito; Aguilera Rivera, Zoila Lucrecia de Lourdes
Antecedent: Adolescence is a vulnerable stage, different situations can be found which threaten it in its normal development. Those situations can affect physical, familiar, social, and psychological dimensions. These dimensions, which are in risk, are potentiated because of the teenager’s ignorance to face them. The way teenagers try to solve the situations are not appropriated and their physical and psychological health are in risk. General objective: To determine risky situations and the ways the teenagers employ for coping these situations. Methodology: This current research is a descriptive crossectional study. It was aimed to the teenagers from the “Unidad Educativa Temporal Miguel Merchán Ochoa” who are registered and attending regularly to the night section of this high school. The techniques used in this study were the survey, direct observation, and documentary compilation. The survey used as an instrument was formulated by the authors of this study. It contains socio – demographic data and it pretends to obtain the most important information about the risky situations which the teenagers are exposed to and a coping scale for teenagers (ACS) from the author Frydenberg, E. y Lewis, R. published in 1993. The data were analyzed and tabulated by using Excel and SPSS 15,0 version in Spanish, these programs were used in windows. The results were conducted using frequency statistical tables represented as percentages Results: Between the 165 teens that were part of this study, it was found that the more predominant risk situations were: the first one is violence where the 79% of the students suffer from any kind of violence while the 21% do not have any violent situation. Migration is another risk situation in which 78% of the teenagers have a member of their family living in another country and the 22% do not have any relative living in another country. Another situation was sexuality, in which 76% of the teenagers have risky sexual intercourse while the other 21% do not have sexual intercourse. Finally, drugs are also another risky situation where 51% of the teenagers take drugs and the 49% do not. It was found that the teenagers react in different ways when they have problems, 39% of the teenagers solve their problems by themselves, 34% of the teenagers have problems when they have to solve a problem and 27% relate their problems with others. Conclusion: The results of this research show the main situations of risk to which they are exposed adolescents as violence, migration, risky sex and consumption of any drugs. The coping strategies most used are the first focused on solving the problem, problems when dealing with situations of risk and coping related to others.