Browsing by Author "Carvallo Ochoa, Juan Pablo"

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Adaptaciones del patrimonio arquitectónico: intervención urbano - arquitectónica en la Casa Moreno Dentro del Corredor Cultural UCuenca
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2023-07-17) García Palacios, María Daniela; Carvallo Ochoa, Juan Pablo
The University of Cuenca has several cultural facilities: a theater, a museum, auditoriums, libraries, and maintains a direct urban link with the historic El Vado neighborhood, where it has five heritage houses, including Casa Moreno. Currently, the Casa Moreno, acquired in 2009, is uninhabited and the others are partially occupied by offices of different university departments, which makes urban life passive in its immediate context, since administrative activities limit interaction with the community. In the same way, the houses do not have a spatial connector or a program that integrates and connects them. Under these conditions, the research proposes the preliminary design of a cultural center in Casa Moreno that integrates into the program of Corredor Cultural UCuenca, starting in April 2023 and developed in parallel with this research project, which aims to revitalize the University’s heritage houses to serve the whole community through the implementation of mixed uses dedicated to art and culture. The study begins with the exploration of basic concepts that allow a general understanding of the urban and architectural characteristics of cultural projects, as well as their objectives and effects on the city and its heritage. Next, the architectural program is built, supported by an interdisciplinary methodology guided by the Department Ciudad Universitaria, by the analysis of the immediate urban environment, the review of the regulations and the documentary and architectural analysis of Casa Moreno. Finally, the intervention criteria are established through the application of restoration theories and case studies. The proposal for the new Cultural Center in Casa Moreno is closely related to the activity plan of the UCuenca Cultural Corridor project. At the same time, it aims to adapt to the dynamics of the neighborhood while exploring and enhancing the spatial qualities of the house. The project involves a close relationship with artistic activities, facilitating their free development and creative flow. Both the procedures and the outcome of the research serve as guides for future cultural projects that require adaptation to the built heritage in the City.
Aproximación a la obra de Obregón, Valenzuela, el conjunto Bavaria 1962-1966
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2009-11-11) Carvallo Ochoa, Juan Pablo; Strukelj Elgarte, Pedro
Los bajos de los edificios altos: recorrido por la arquitectura moderna de El Ejido y La Alameda, Quito 1950 - 1970
(2018-11-12) Toral Aguilera, María Daniela; Carvallo Ochoa, Juan Pablo
Reflect on the role played by architecture in the city, exposes among other points, the existing problems in the development of urban life. A fact that leads us to investigate particular aspects of the architectural project that improve the relationship of the building with the context and within it, particularly the incidence of the ground floors. It is in them, where the main link with the city is recognized, as well as, the impact on the development of urban life. The point of view from which the research is addressed is based on premises exposed in part by the publications of the architect Helio Piñón, where the aim is to discover the formal values of modern architecture in relation to the environment. The study carries out a documentation and analysis of the ground floors of ten height buildings located in the zones of El Ejido and La Alameda of the Quito city, with this, we can understand the cumulative architectural process of an urban episode within the city throughout a certain historical period (1950-1970). Finally, the study culminates with the abstraction of common and specific universal criteria related to constructive, functional and formal guidelines, which lead us to understand the behavior of each of the authors when projecting the intersection with the floor plan and finally generating guidelines for the reader that allow current architectural projects to respond favorably to the environment
Bloques de tierra comprimida con agregados de residuos de construcción y demolición como sustitución de los agregados tradicionales en la ciudad de Saraguro, Loja, Ecuador
(2018-01-18) Mejía Pacheco, Pablo Javier; Carvallo Ochoa, Juan Pablo
The research project addresses two paradigms, on one hand, the return to construction with earth and on the other, the recycling of construction and demolition debris C&DD as an alternative to decrease the use of virgin aggregates. Therefore, the elaboration of a block of compressed earth, stabilized with cement, incorporating aggregates of C&DD and that constitutes a viable and sustainable alternative for the construction. That it complies with the physical and resistance characteristics required by the applicable regulations, which also contribute to closing the life cycles of certain construction materials and constitutes a palliative measure to the over exploitation of quarries and the reduction of the volume of construction and demolition waste to be discharged into the environment. For the investigation, several dosages with a soil content varying between 25% and 50%, with an RCD content varying between 45% and 70%, are then considered, then compared with blocks made in the same dosages but use virgin aggregates and establish the characteristics through physical and mechanical tests.
Citizen integration in project prioritization methodologies
(Taylor & Francis Group, 2021) López Criollo, Joel Carlos; Carvallo Ochoa, Juan Pablo; Pulla Alvarado, David Santiago
Expert-led multicriteria methodologies might have significant improvements in terms of relevance and effectiveness when citizen participation is integrated. This inclusion is especially influential regarding urban revitalization projects (URPs) prioritization, which directly affects the conservation of cultural heritage. The objective is to apply an existing multicriteria methodology for URPs’ prioritization in Sígsig, Ecuador and extend it integrating citizen participation. The final methodology uses multiple processes, such as FDM (Fuzzy Delphi Method), ISM (Interpretative Structural Modeling), the integrated phase of CV (Cumulative Voting), and ANP (Analytic Network Process). Results show how citizen integration in these methodologies inherently embeds cultural heritage in the final URP. Conclusions address the importance to integrate participative tools as a way to legitimize urban decision-making processes, along with identifying, strengthening, and preserving intangible heritage, such as traditional craftsmanship, tangible heritage, and archaeological remains.
Digital heritage documentation of modern architecture in Cuenca-Ecuador
(International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, 2019) Preti Ochoa, Silvia Paola
In the city of Cuenca in the south of Ecuador, analogous documentation techniques continue to be the unique registration mechanism for built heritage. The heritage characteristics of modern architecture in Cuenca are not well known, therefore the documentation activities are still based on paper fiches that gather basic data, without the possibility to update or monitor those records. In addition, this type of heritage, is underestimated, not disseminated and devalued by public institutions, owners and by local citizens, who do not find heritage attributes in these buildings. Consequently, this research used technological documentation techniques and tools for the identification, conservation and safeguarding of modern heritage in the city of Cuenca, aiming to raise awareness about modern heritage. With the evaluation of the existing records, this research aspires to validate the digital documentation tools for modern architecture as a first step to its recognition and valorization. Thus, scanner laser, photogrammetry and rectified photography, were used and compared to verify the adaptability of the documentation fields content to modern architecture and the opportunities that the results grants to promote its preservation and management over time.
El espacio público como articulador entre la ciudad y el objeto arquitectónico. Germán Samper Gnecco: Obras de la firma Esguerra, Sáenz, Urdaneta y Samper.
(2019-11-26) Sarmiento Pineda, Natalia Lucía; Carvallo Ochoa, Juan Pablo
As an architect it is important to visualize this career as a discipline based on the city, not just as an art. Architecture is more than a physical structure, and it needs to be conceived as an integrating element with the context in which it is resides. From the aforementioned, there is an interest in developing a research document focused on understanding the different modes of interrelation that are established between the city and the architectural object. They are manifested in the institutional works of the modernist architect Germán Samper Gnecco during his time as designer in the firm Colombian Esguerra, Sáenz, Urdaneta and Samper. The point from which the research is addressed is based on the criteria used to conceive the architectural object from its direct relationship with the city. They are evidenced in the works of this firm through the creation of public mediation spaces, that reflect on the role played by architecture in the city. This refers to investigate particular aspects of the project that enhance the relationship of the building with the context, mainly the impact that the ground floors have in the area. They recognize the main link with the city, and consequently, the development of urban life. The study includes the documentation and analysis of the ground floors of three buildings in height, located in different contexts, which allow comprehension of behavior of the designer architect with respect to the place where he inserts his works. After this journey, the investigation culminates with the abstraction of universal criteria that Germán Samper applies when projecting the intersection of the architectural object with the floor plan and generating an awareness in the reader it allows the correct incorporation of works in the city, with the purpose of improving the environment in which we live.
La calle del barrio como conector intermodal: El caso de Los Álamos como vínculo entre el tranvía y la ciclovía
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2023-07-03) Landy Pérez, Christian Rubén; Vanegas Bravo, Noelia Elizabeth; Carvallo Ochoa, Juan Pablo
An intermodal connector involves the creation of a new type of urban infrastructure that has been little explored, whose challenge involves implementing it within a built and consolidated environment such as the streets of a neigh- borhood. While this urban piece serves the need to con- nect different modes of transportation and take advanta- ge of existing infrastructure, the experience of this project determines the possibility of conceiving it as a transitional place that functions as a foyer where modal exchange takes place, understanding “place” as the space in which things happen and daily life occurs. The challenge of implanting an urban element of these cha- racteristics within a mixed neighborhood context, with a de- fined dynamic and character, requires rethinking the social dimension, mediating the interests of the parties involved and projecting from a much more intimate perspective. The project is a description of the experience in the Los Álamos neighborhood, in which the Action-Oriented Planning me- thodology is taken as a starting point to rethink the concept of architectural project and the traditional processes that it implies; proposing new resources, processes, and tools that complement it.
La modernización de la casa burguesa en Cuenca: estrategias de proyecto en la casa Peña (1954) y la casa Vázquez (1962)
(2021) Carvallo Ochoa, Juan Pablo
Historically, the house has been constituted as the fundamental space that allows the realization of domestic activities, family interrelationship and the development and strengthening of the personal self. Several authors agree that during the twentieth century the greatest alterations in social structures, city environments and housing and its spaces took place (Cañar & Torres, 2018); becoming the laboratory of theoretical experimentation and practical application of modern lifestyles (Añón, 2013). In Ecuador, the social, economic and political transformations at the beginning of the century were parallel to the technological and energy transformations, which with greater or lesser delay reached Cuenca. This research proposes to study the modernization of the bourgeois house in Cuenca, based on the identification and analysis of the applied project strategies, in the Peña House (1954) and the Vázquez House (1962), by the architect Cesar Burbano Moscoso. These houses have been characterized by innovation and the search for a new way of living, assuming the changes that the city demanded in the mid-twentieth century. In both cases it is evident how the traditional typology of a house with an interior patio, centrally organized, aligned and connected to the road, is inverted and transformed into a radically opposite typology, composed of isolated structures and withdrawn from the street, thus modifying the internal relations to the house and with the city. The study explored architectural processes, approaching the interest in recognizing criteria and values that come from the works, as well as architectural and urban elements of a particular moment of Cuenca architecture. Keywords: Modern architecture, modern housing, transformations of domestic space, Cesar Burbano Moscoso, Cuenca-Ecuador
Lugar y forma: la esquina urbana en la obra de Obregón y Valenzuela en la ciudad de Bogotá. Edificio Grancolombiano - Edificio Colseguros
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2020-01-22) León Domínguez, Juan Fernando; Carvallo Ochoa, Juan Pablo
This work is directed towards the analysis of the urban architectural response of the “Grupo Grancolombiano” and the “Colseguros” Buildings of the Colombian Architects “Obregón, Valenzuela y Cía.” in which special emphasis is given to the critical observation of the architectural place, through the limitations and potentials provided by the natural and built landscape, the urban plot, the connection axes, characteristic roads, typical of the urban corner implementation, in the transition spaces known as squares or small squares are encouraged, which become receptacles for pedestrian flows, enhancing social coexistence, staying, crossing and in general the enjoyment of a space designed for the city, that starts from the beginning of the architectural design. In addition to that, this work makes an approach to the modern period, which supports the foundations of this architectural paradigm, throughout many examples of buildings in America of this kind, highlighting the universality of order criteria, visualizing the project strategies that will serve as project material. Likewise, it is possible to identify the evolution of public space from the catalog of the O&V Firm of those corner buildings, in Bogotá city. This way establishes that the architectural projects must not become isolated elements in the city, but become elements of contribution to the urban environment.
La mirada constructiva a través de mies van der Rohe
(2007) Carvallo Ochoa, Juan Pablo; Delago Mendoza, Juan Carlos; Ramos Monori, Jeimis Leonardo
Propuesta de diseño de anteproyecto de pabellón itinerante para la reactivación socio-cultural del Barrio del Vado en Cuenca, Ecuador en el marco del Epicentro Cultural
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2024-07-31) Cambisaca Valverde, Jairo Arturo; Carvallo Ochoa, Juan Pablo
The city of Cuenca and its historic center are known for having a vibrant public life, however, nowadays there are certain places that show a loss of this life. One of the places where this problem is most evident, motivated by the lack of connection between society and space, is the neighborhood of El Vado. In response to this problem, this degree project proposes the design of a pavilion, which is located on Paseo 3 de Noviembre street. This pavilion, of itinerant character, is thought to work hand in hand with the University of Cuenca’s Epicentro Cultural project. The general objective of the work is to propose the design of a pavilion that responds to the behavior of users in the space and aims to support the search for a solution to this problem. For this purpose, the context of implementation of the project is studied with emphasis on the perceptions of users regarding the site and their behavior and conduct in it. A methodology that includes a bibliographic review, observation of the public space and user surveys is proposed to arrive at the design proposal and its conclusions and recommendations.
Propuesta de sistema de montaje destinado a usos museográficos en espacios patrimoniales: Casa de los Arcos dentro del proyecto Epicentro Cultural UCuenca
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2024-08-29) Bustamante Ojeda, María Doménica; Carvallo Ochoa, Juan Pablo
This work aims to document the various models and museographic details that have been implemented in the Casa de los Arcos in recent months, as well as to propose a mounting system design for it through the "Bauhaus Reverberada" exhibition. The methodology consists of three phases: an initial phase of theoretical research on museography and architectural heritage, analyzing concepts and contributions from experts and significant museographic practices; a second phase of examination and investigation of the Casa de los Arcos through observation, drawing, and photography to understand its history, architecture, qualities, and museographic potential; and a third phase in which a prototype mounting system for exhibitions is designed, integrating theories, previous studies, and the needs of each piece. This study seeks, on the one hand, to better understand and identify the cultural significance underlying the Casa de los Arcos, thereby serving future interventions and museological reformulations carried out in an informed and proactive manner on a heritage building. On the other hand, it aims to open a discussion on how architecture plays an important role in the presentation and perception of an art collection.
Proyectos urbanos de revitalización: selección técnica de proyecto mediante metodología
(2018) López Criollo, Joel Carlos; Pulla Alvarado, David Santiago; Carvallo Ochoa, Juan Pablo
On the one hand, small cities face abandonment due to the lack of job opportunities and with it loss of identity, non existing development and social uncertainty. There is a need for urban revitalization projects that ease those problems through a multidisciplinary approach. On the other hand, cities face several urban problems caused by the lack of appropiate planning. Urban projects are not well-founded or justified. In many cases, they are just instruments in politic campaigns or managed by private economic interests. This thesis replicates and extend a multicriteria methodology of urban revitalization project priorization to choose the most suitable urban project for Sigsig city. This methodology is developed in four stages: 1 Urban Revitalization criteria selection (Fuzzy Delphi Method is used). 2 Stablish relationships between the selected criteria (Interpretative Structure Modeling is used). 3 Social inclusion on the decision making priorization of the urban project alternatives. (Cumulative voting is used) 4 Comparison of the criteria against 4 final project alternatives, and priorization ranking generation of the most suitable urban revitalization project. (Analytic Network Process is used) Finally, a urban intervention proposal is generated based on the methodological analysis for the efficient and appropiate implementation of the prioritized project.
Reactivación urbana del centro histórico de Azogues mediante una intervención urbano-arquitectónica en el mercado San Francisco
(2018) Avila Argudo, Atila Sebastián; Galindo Montero, Pablo Felipe; Carvallo Ochoa, Juan Pablo
Nowadays, the selection of the best-suited project for a city is relative to the democratic processes with socio-spatial bases, the latter, biased by the understanding of the multidimensional development filtered through the ethical judgment of those responsible for the design of the city. This study analyzes the case of the San Francisco market in the city of Azogues, a historical space that seeks to rethink itself in terms of a process that suppresses the arbitrary selection on which contemporary interventions within the ecuadorian context are based. Systematically, within this research, a combined methodology for the selection of the ideal project to be carried out within the market is developed and examined step by step. Initially, the assessment of the background of the historical context of the city takes place, which, by attaching it to the analysis of equipment endowment at the urban scale (carried out through the mapping of radios of influence of public buildings and public spaces), become in urban indicators of Azogues. Subsequently, public opinion is valued through focus groups and a connectivity analysis of the streets network is carried out using space syntax, in order to obtain a clear image of the city. The collected data is confronted with relevant case studies, located in patrimonial contexts of similar conditions to the study area. Finally, this combined methodology of background assessment concludes in a synthesis that is reflected in a design strategy for the execution of a subsequent urban-architectural project that meets the current needs of Azogues.
Reutilización e intervención urbano-arquitectónica en el antiguo centro de rehabilitación social de varones de Cuenca y bodegas municipales
(2016) Luzuriaga Hermida, Juan Fernando; Rodas Reibán, Jéssica Marianela; Carvallo Ochoa, Juan Pablo
Interest in the preservation and restoration of buildings around the world stems from a societal necessity to immortalize those elements which make up its cultural memory and identity. In spite of the emergence of various theories in the eighteenth century which highlighted the value of history and its monuments, it can be claimed that the turning point which marked the beginning of architectural recycling occurred in the 1960s, where a new style was born, one which sought to intervene in buildings considered part of the city and lacking in any type of patrimonial value. Up until now, architectural recycling has been of great significance and applicability in the field of architecture, in addition to being a good sustainability strategy. Consequently, the importance of the present study is established with the primary objective the urban ~ architectural regeneration of a sector of the city, starting from the recycling of an existing structure, the former Social Rehabilitation Center for Men of Cuenca, which has completed its life cycle for which it was built and is currently in disuse. In order to achieve the proposed objective, a work schedule is laid out which first reviews the literature on adaptive recycling, followed by an analysis of the city and the building to determine the needs of the area of study. Given the results of the study, an urban ~ architectural design proposal is outlined at the draft level, which responds to the sector’s needs and is coherent with the history, the setting, and the benefits of this.
Towards the analysis of components interoperability by means of i*
(Ruzica Piskac, 2019) Abad, Karina; Perez Rocano, Wilson Rodrigo; Carvallo Ochoa, Juan Pablo
Information Systems lay at the heart of today’s enterprise organizations. As the organizations grow, Information Systems should evolve to adapt to new requirements emerging from changes in business models, including the adoption of new services paradigms or operational improvements. These emerging requirements impact Information Systems Architecture, requiring a continuous analysis and adaptation to new realities. In previous work, we have proposed the DHARMA Method aimed at the identification of Information System Architecture by means of the i* framework. In this on-going work we focus in the results of activity 4 of the method, which uses SR diagrams to analyze interoperability among System Actors. The results of the application of this method in a large industrial case, are used to illustrate the proposal.
Una relación permeable: un campus en una ciudad
(2020) Durán Aguilar, Edgar Javier; Hermida Palacios, María Augusta; Sinchi Toral, Iván Paúl; Carvallo Ochoa, Juan Pablo
Contemporary debate on architecture is focused on the characteristics that our buildings and cities should have. Unfortunately, most urban design proposals are not always in line with the challenges of the time. Despite this panorama, in various parts of the world, there are projects that break the inertia that is mostly observed in the profession and show a commitment to the present and the future of architecture, as is the case of the present work. It is a collective space design project on the campus of a public university, the University of Cuenca (Cuenca-Ecuador), which is conceived from the concepts of open city and collective space by understanding urban spaces as territories to pass through, with permeable borders that allow socialization, and with strong relationship between indoors and outdoors, and between public and private places; a project that works over different scales, from buildings to neighborhoods and the city. The design process that is adopted understands urban forms as a phenomenon that changes over time and generates social meanings; it also highlights the idea that urban acupuncture in residual open spaces allows a spatial configuration that transforms the sense of well-being of the entire community and strengthens identity and belonging. Careful attention to the quality of the design of the public, collective, and common space dramatically changes the experience and expectations of its users as it is explained throughout this project.
Urban tissues and residential types in Cuenca (Ecuador)
(2020) Hermida Palacios, María Augusta; Juca Freire, Natalia Alexandra; Carvallo Ochoa, Juan Pablo
Architecture, and particularly the architecture of housing, has been critically important in the history of humanity; however, its analysis has not often addressed all of its complexity. There is a need to understand the built structures as a fundamental component of urban form and their historical evolution as the result of a dialogue with the city as a whole. In this context, and to contribute to this analysis, this paper discusses how urban tissues and residential types emerged during the twentieth century in the city of Cuenca (Ecuador). A two-stage qualitative and exploratory methodology was used: a) the identification of urban tissues related to residential uses that, jointly with the compilation and analysis of historical maps, allowed the understanding of the city's overall evolution; and b) the documentation of residential building types through the analysis of databases and historical archives that provided 221 case studies. From this, seven residential types were defined: Courtyard Houses, Houses on Steep Slopes, Compact Houses, Urban Villas, Attached Houses, Row Houses, and Residential Blocks. All types appear or evolve adapting to the conditions of the city, the changing needs of society, the external influences, and based on the form of their predecessor. © 2020 International Seminar on Urban Form.
Vivienda social alternativa: criterios de inserción de vivienda social alternativa en áreas consolidadas de la ciudad de Cuenca: modelo en zona Yanuncay
(2016) Quintero Segura, Daniel Fernando; Carvallo Ochoa, Juan Pablo
In the last fifty years, the city of Cuenca has undergone transformations that resulted in the horizontal growth towards the periphery of its boundaries. The decline in population density and social segregation have triggered a housing and urban crisis by means of stratification of urban areas promoted by the increasing automobile dependency and the uncontrolled sprawl over peri–urban areas. Social housing is identified as a key tool against the sprawl of the city from a perspective that involves densification and social cohesion. A theory framework is built based on a philosophical and historical revision of social housing and housing models related to the concept of Compact City. The social housing is considered in a local context along international counterparts that result in a case study and the development of criteria to evaluate and guide the design process of cohesive social housing inserted in consolidated areas of the city. Following the case study and the construction of design parameters, a model of habitable block integrated into the public space is proposed as a way to validate the criteria for social housing placement in the consolidated city.