Browsing by Author "Carpio Carpio, Sandra Lorena"

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Eficacia de la anestesia pulpar en incisivos laterales superiores y primeros molares inferiores mediante el empleo del injex
(2017) Carpio Carpio, Sandra Lorena; Álvarez Vásquez, José Luis
Dental anesthesia used to relieve pain during dental procedures is one of the major causes of fear and anxiety in the patient. Although the use of syringe and carpule continues with the technique most used to administer local anesthesia, the use of devices that use pressure mechanisms to administer anesthesia, without using a needle, is an option. Objetives: to determine the efficacy of pulp anesthesia and the onset time in the upper lateral incisors and lower first molars using jet injection (Injex) compared to the conventional technique (syringe and carpule), to compare the level of pain in each technique and, to determine acceptance and preference for the techniques applied. Materials and methods: Twenty-four subjects participated in a cross-sectional study, who were given 0.6 ml of 2% lidocaine with adrenaline dilution at 1: 80000, one for each technique. The Heft-Parker scale was used to assess the level of pain recorded. Results: In the upper lateral incisor, the Injex onset time took only 2.83 ± 0.7min (p=0.60) to the conventional technique 3.60 ± 1.37min (p=0.74); the time of pulpal anesthesia was higher in the conventional technique 47.07 ± 13.5min (p = 0.29) versus the pressure technique 31.06 ± 15.0 min (p = 0.09). In the lower molar, with conventional technique, a pulp anesthesia was not achieved in 75.0% (18/24 patients). Molars was anesthetized with an onset time of 4 min 31 s - 5 min 30s (p = 0.50) and a pulp anesthesia time of 57 min 35 s - 60 min (p = 0.50). With pressure technique 4.2% (1/24) achieved pulpal anesthesia with a onset time of 5 min 31 s - 6 min 30 s (p = 0.45), and a pulp anesthesia time of 51 min 1 s - 60 min (p = 0.45). Regarding pain, 33.3% reported negligible pain with needle and carpule vs 33.3% of mild pain with Injex, and 8.3% with strong pain with Injex vs 12.5% of moderate pain with the conventional technique. Finally, in preference, 50% of participants preferred the conventional technique, 25% the technique under pressure, and 25% have no preference for either. Conclusion: The application of pressure anesthesia by the Injex in the upper and lower jaw, with a volume of 0.6 ml, does not achieve an efficacy in pulpal anesthesia
Prevalencia de caries dental y factores asociados en los adolescentes de la Fundación de la Unidad Educativa Santa María de la Esperanza FUSMAE, Chordeleg abril – junio 2023
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2024-11-15) Carpio Carpio, Sandra Lorena; Bravo Torres, Wilson Daniel
Introduction: dental caries is a prevalent disease worldwide and presents significant challenges in terms of prevention due to multiple associated factors. It is related to age, with adolescents between 12 and 15 years being particularly vulnerable due to the incomplete mineralization of their dental tissues, making them more susceptible. Objective: to determine the prevalence of dental caries and its associated factors in adolescents at the Unidad Educativa Santa María de la Esperanza (FUSMAE). Methodology: a cross-sectional analytical study was conducted at FUSMAE in Chordeleg, Ecuador, in 2023, with a population of 98 students aged 12 to 18. Clinical evaluations and surveys on oral health, socioeconomic status, and behaviors related to oral hygiene were carried out. The presence of caries was measured using the decayed, missing, and filled teeth index (DMFT). Study variables were analyzed as frequencies expressed in percentages, and a statistically significant association with social and behavioral factors was considered when p<0.05. The SPSS software (version 25.0) was used for statistical analysis. Results: high prevalence of caries (89.9%), though most had a very low-risk DMFT index, with a prevalence ratio of 1.003 (0.967; 1.040) for the variable 'I like my teeth,' 0.997 (0.976; 1.019) for 'I avoid smiling,' 0.983 (0.939; 1.029) for 'They make fun of my teeth,' 0.887 (0.757; 1.040) for 'Missed classes/dental pain,' and 1.015 (0.947; 1.089) for 'Difficulty/chewing hard foods,' in a population with a middle socioeconomic profile (39.8%). These prevalences were associated using Fisher's exact test with p-values below the stipulated threshold for school absences due to dental pain (p = 0.036) and difficulty chewing hard foods (p = 0.012). Conclusions: this study showed a high prevalence of dental caries among adolescents of type C socioeconomic status in the FUSMAE community. School absenteeism due to dental pain and difficulty chewing hard foods were identified as determinant factors.