Browsing by Author "Carmilema Asmal, Johny Fernando"

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Balance de energía, nitrógeno y fósforo en sistemas de ceba bovina en pastoreo
(2019) Moreno, Miguel Nápoles; Guevara Viera, Guillermo Emilio; Acosta Gutiérrez, Zoe; Estévez Alfayate, Jorge Alberto; Ceró Rizo, Ángel E.; Carmilema Asmal, Johny Fernando; Guzmán Espinoza, Clelia Kathrine; Soto Senra, Servando A.; Torres Inga, Carlos Santiago; Guevara Viera, Raúl Victorino
Aim: The aim of this work was to estimate the efficiency of milk production in 1 168 cases in Ecuadoran Sierra Sur Andina, with the implementation of neural networks with multilayer perceptrons. Materials and Methods: These cases were collected from secondary samples provided by the Official Institute of National Statistics of Ecuador, in 2016. The variables chosen for the model were total milk production on the previ-ous day (P), as dependent variable; and total cattle heads (CH), total laborers in the field (E), and total surface at-tended by laborer (S), as independent variables. The selection criteria were the existence of data from individual cas-es, and their impact on the dependent variable. ISSN 2224-7920 Results: The average efficiency was 8.11 %, from which the total cases detected efficiently (> 0.70) accounted for 11 (0.9 % of the sample). Later, the cases studied were classified into three groups, depending on the efficiency cal-culated: Group 1 (≤ 0.4 efficiency); Group 2 (> 0.4 - ≤ 0.7 efficiency); and Group 3 (> 0.7 efficiency). Conclusion: A comparison produced several statistical differences (P < 0.01) for variables total milk production/year on the farm, total field laborers, farm size, total cows, total cattle heads, calvings, pregnant cows, and served cows.
Energy, nitrogen, and phosphorus balances in grazing cattle fattening systems
(2019) Guzmán Espinoza, Clelia Kathrine; Guevara Viera, Guillermo Emilio; Torres Inga, Carlos Santiago; Acosta Gutiérrez, Zoe; Estévez Alfayate, Jorge Alberto; Ceró Rizo, Ángel E; Carmilema Asmal, Johny Fernando; Soto Senra, Servando A; Guevara Viera, Raúl Victorino; Moreno Nápoles, Miguel
The aim of this work was to check the balance of energy, nitrogen, and phosphorus in pre-fattening and fattening bovine systems at Turiguanó Livestock Breeding Company, in the province of Ciego de Ávila, Cuba. The botanical composition of the farms evaluated was determined, and the energy, nitrogen, and phosphorus balances checked. The annual energy, nitrogen, and phosphorus balances were negative on the experimental farms. New strategies are required to enhance energy and nutrients (nitrogen and phosphorus) use, and increase beef production during the final stage. Therefore, improvements in recycling, balance, and efficiency in the use of energy and these minerals are linked to increases in live weight/day, and better final weights during that stage.
Ganancias de peso vivo en novillas que pastan Kikuyo (Pennisetum clandestinum, Ex Chiov) fertilizado con pollinaza
(2019) Arcos Álvarez, Cristian Neptali; Lascano Armas, Paola J.; Guevara Viera, Raúl Victorino; Atzori, Alberto S.; Molina Molina, Elsa; Torres Inga, Carlos Santiago; Carmilema Asmal, Johny Fernando; Serpa García, Víctor Guillermo; Aguirre de Juana, Angel Javier; García Zumalacarregui, Jorge Alejandro
The objective of the study was to evaluate the effect on the Kikuyo pasture and the growth of Holstein vaconas of different doses of Pollinaza as organic fertilizer. The work was carried out in a dairy system of 21.6 ha in the province of Cotopaxi in Ecuador, located at 2º 13' North and 78º 24'W at 2651 masl. Rainfall averages 1103 mm I year and temperatures between 14-21 oC. The research compared three levels of organic fertilization with pollinaza (O, 50 and 100 kg/ha/year, represented as FO, F50 and F100) in pastures of Kikuyo Heifers of 210 kg of live weight were used and the conception of the work was like a system to generate animals ready for reproduction. The fertilizers were applied manually in each season for the highest doses. Dry sprinkler irrigation was applied. Rational grazing was used for the delivery of two grass I day strips. The rest time was 21-28 days throughout the period. Balanced supplementation was used at a rate of 1 kg I per heifer I day. Own cut forage was used. The botanical composition was determined. The dry matter availabilites were determined with 1O frames per pasture and 30 height observations. The average vaconas gains, final weight and expenses I vacona ($) were measured, differences were found (p <0.05) in favor of the F100 treatment and its population increases to 93.7% and its biomass production was higher. The weight increases in vaconas were favorable to the treatment with F1OO. The animals that pastured the most fertilized pastures with Pollinaza showed better consumption of grass and grassland condition greater weight gains and weights at the end of the test than the animals that grazed the less fertilized with pollinaza.
Problemas de rentabilidad económica y eficiencia técnica en sistemas ganaderos de Ecuador
(2019) Guevara Viera, Raúl Victorino; Velasco Heras, Cristina Isabel; Torres Inga, Carlos Santiago; Guevara Viera, Guillermo Emilio; Narváez Terán, Jhonny Alfredo; Lascano Armas, Paola Jael; Arcos Álvarez, Cristian Neptali; Garzon Jarrin, Rafael Alfonso; Atzori, Alberto Stanislao; Aguirre de Juana, Ángel Javier; Serpa García, Víctor Guillermo; Carmilema Asmal, Johny Fernando; García Zumalacarregui, Jorge Alejandro
This systematic review of the literature integrates the findings of existing studies on profitability and technical efficiency (TS) in dairy farms, a classification of the previous literature that provides the basis for the synthesis. We systematically reviewed 63research studies with surveys with rigorous procedures. The revision is applied to the investigation of the published survey. The socio-economic environmental context is linked, the inputs to the system and the products with the variables that measure efficiency. There was no agreement between the authors on the context and the determinants of ET and EEs. The main determinants were the geographical location, the size of the farm, investments in veterinary care, feeding and milking practices and techniques for estimating the ET, public policies and variables related to management. The implications for milk producers and researchers close the review. A relevant characteristic that emerges from the literature is the lack of consensus regarding the measurement techniques and determinants of ET, which remains an open debate. The fact that the data was collected over a period of almost 30 years in all continents, reinforces the probability of heterogeneity between the samples and this could be a strong argument in favor of changes in the efficiency and to generate an exploratory discussion based on evidences of the studies and not fail to take into account the factors discussed here
Producción de leche como respuesta a la fertilización y riego en ganaderías de ecosistemas andinos en Ecuador.
(2018) Guevara Viera, Raúl Victorino; Nieto Escandón, Pedro Emilio; Torres Inga, Carlos Santiago; Guevara Viera, Guillermo Emilio; Aguilar Valladares, Yolanda Mercedes; Serpa García, Víctor Guillermo; Once Yanza, Mariela Alexandra; López Alvarado, Diego Andrés; Ayala Guanga, Luis Eduardo; Murillo Apolo, Yury Agapito; Lascano Armas, Paola Jael; Arcos Álvarez, Cristian Neptali; Carmilema Asmal, Johny Fernando; Curbelo Rodríguez, Lino Miguel
In order to evaluate the effect of fertilizer and irrigation applications on milk production in Andean farms in Ecuador, a study was carried out on 535 farms with an altitude of 2550 m and temperatures between 7 and 25 ° C in montane ecosystems (Montano, Montano Alto and Montano Low). Factors such as fertilization and irrigation and the production of milk with a botanical composition of Ryegrass - Kikuyo as grasses and Clover White and Red as legumes were considered. The milk production was taken from the records corresponding to the day after the occupation of the paddock. A simple ADEVA was applied within each ecosystem. The dry matter availability of the grass was between 1.65 t / ha in Montano Bajo and 2.81 t / ha in Montano Alto. There were significant differences (P <0.05) in milk yields in Montano and Montano Alto with fertilized pastures (6.5 and 9.7 kg / cow) compared to lower values in non - fertilized. In relation to irrigation effects, significant differences (P <0.05) were in favor of sprinkler irrigation in Montano and Montano Alto with 8.7 and 10.8 kg / cow and higher values in production / ha. It was concluded that the responses in milk yield to fertilizer and sprinkler irrigation were significant (P <0.05) in the Montano and Montano Alto ecosystems compared to Low Montano, with values between 6,5 and 8,7 and 9,7 and 10 , 8 kg / cow / day and higher yields per area, explained by the greater availability of dry matter of the pasture in both ecosystems as an effect of applied agro technical activities