Browsing by Author "Capparelli, Mariana V."

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Acute toxicity of daphnia magna neonates exposed to single and composite mixtures of four emerging contaminants
(2022) Araujo, Giuliana S.; Moulatlet, Gabriel M.; Perez Gonzalez, Bolivar Andres; Cipriani Avila, Eva Isabel; Tripaldi, Piercosimo; Capparelli, Mariana V.; Pinos Vélez, Verónica Patricia
The effects of emerging contaminants on environmental health are of high concern, especially those potentially induced by mixtures. We assessed single and composite mixtures of triclosan (T), 17β-estradiol (E2), sulfamethoxazole (SMX), and nicotine (N) at various concentrations, on neonates of Daphnia magna. When used in single exposure, T and N induced high toxicity (100% immobility, each one), compared to SMX and E2 (2.5% and 10% immobility, respectively). When T, E2, SMX and N were in mixture, T had the highest contribution to the overall toxicity in mixture exposures. The N toxicity lowered when in a fourfold exposure (85% immobility in fourfold exposure). Due to the high toxicity of T and N, both alone and in the mixtures, our results can serve as a warning about the use of these substances and their release in the aquatic ecosystem. © 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.
Adsorption of estradiol by natural clays and Daphnia magna as biological filter in an aqueous mixture with emerging contaminants
(2021) Cipriani Ávila, Eva Isabel; Capparelli, Mariana V.; Jara Negrete, Eliza Nuit; Alvarado Martínez, Andrés Omar; Cisneros Ramos, Juan Fernando; Tripaldi, Piercosimo; Perez Gonzalez, Bolivar Andres; Pinos Vélez, Verónica Patricia
Among emerging pollutants, endocrine disruptors such as estradiol are of most concern. Conventional water treatment technologies are not capable of removing this compound from water. This study aims to assess a method that combines physicochemical and biological strategies to eliminate estradiol even when there are other compounds present in the water matrix. Na-montmorillonite, Ca-montmorillonite and zeolite were used to remove estradiol in a medium with sulfamethoxazole, triclosan, and nicotine using a Plackett–Burman experimental design; each treatment was followed by biological filtration with Daphnia magna. Results showed between 40 to 92% estradiol adsorption in clays; no other compounds present in the mixture were adsorbed. The most significant factors for estradiol adsorption were the presence of nicotine and triclosan which favored the adsorption, the use of Ca-montmorillonite, Zeolite, and time did not favor the adsorption of estradiol. After the physicochemical treatment, Daphnia magna was able to remove between 0–93% of the remaining estradiol. The combination of adsorption and biological filtration in optimal conditions allowed the removal of 98% of the initial estradiol concentration.
An integrative approach to assess the environmental impacts of gold mining contamination in the Amazon
(2021) Alvear S, Daniela ; Galarza, Emily; Capparelli, Mariana V.; Cabrera, Marcela; Rico, Andreu; Solis, Oscar Lucas; Moulatlet, Gabriel M.; Espinosa, Rodrigo; Pinos Vélez, Verónica Patricia; Perez Gonzalez, Bolivar Andres; Shiguango, Lady; Vasco, Samantha
As the number of legal and illegal gold mining sites increases in the Andes–Amazonia region, integrative methods to evaluate the effects of mining pollution on freshwater ecosystems are of paramount importance. Here, we sampled water and sediments in 11 sites potentially affected by gold mining activities in the Napo province (Ecuador). The environmental impacts were evaluated using the following lines of evidence (LOEs): water physicochemical parameters, metal exposure concentrations, macroinvertebrate community response (AAMBI), and toxicity by conducting bioassays with Lactuca sativa and Daphnia magna. Dissolved oxygen and total suspended solids were under (<80%) and above (>130 mg/Ls) quality standards 65% of the sites. Ag, Al, As, Cd, Cu, Fe, Mn, Pb, and Zn in water and V, B, and Cr in sediments were detected above quality standards at sampled sites. Nine out of eleven sites were classified as having bad environmental quality based on the AAMBI. L. sativa seed germination in both water (37% to 70%) and sediment (0% to 65%) indicate significant toxicity. In five sites, neonates of D. magna showed a 25% reduction in survival compared to the control. Our integrated LOEs index ranked sites regarding their environmental degradation. We recommend environmental impact monitoring of the mining expansion at the Andes–Amazonia region using multiple LOEs.
Emerging contaminants in the northeast andean foothills of Amazonia: the case of study of the city of Tena, Napo, Ecuador
(2021) Pérez González, Andrés ; Pinos Vélez, Verónica Patricia; Molinero, Jon; Capparelli, Mariana V.; Cipriani Ávila, Eva Isabel; Jara Negrete, Eliza Nuit; Acosta López, Sofía Paola; Acosta, Byron
This work is a study on the occurrence of emerging pollutants in the northeast Ecuadorian Amazon. Emerging contaminants (ECs)—caffeine, triclosan, estradiol, acetaminophen, nicotine, and ibuprofen—were quantified by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry in rivers and streams of the Amazon basin near the city of Tena, Ecuador. For that, a total of 16 natural water samples were taken in 8 locations. Sampling sites included areas impacted by discharges from inefficient sewage networks in urban areas, wastes from fish farming and non-functional landfill, a stream with few threats, tap water, and treated sewage. Caffeine was found in the 38% of the samples studied while trimethoprim and acetaminophen had an occurrence of 13%. Caffeine was detected at two sites receiving untreated sewage and one site receiving treated sewage with mean concentrations that ranged between 19 and 31.5 μg L−1. Acetaminophen (50.4 μg L−1) and trimethoprim (2 μg L−1) were only detected in the river receiving treated sewage effluent. This is the first assessment of emerging contaminants in the upper Ecuadorian Amazon basin, and our observations highlight the need for better sewage treatment and water quality monitoring in Amazonian cities.
Human health risk assessment of metals and metalloids in mining areas of the Northeast Andean foothills of the Ecuadorian Amazon
(2022) Moulatlet, Gabriel M.; Capparelli, Mariana V.; Pérez González, Andrés; Galarza Naranjo, Emily Roxana; Pinos Vélez, Verónica Patricia; Cabrera, Marcela; Rico, Andreu
Gold mining (GM) is a major source of metals and metalloids in rivers, causing severe environmental pollution andincreasing the exposure risks to the residents of surrounding areas. Mining in Ecuadorian Amazonia has dramatically in-creased in recent years, but its impacts on Indigenous local populations that make use of rivers are still unknown. The aim ofthis study was to assess the risks to adults and children caused by the exposure to metals and metalloids in freshwaterecosystems contaminated with tailings released by GM activities in 11 sites of the upper Napo River basin, Ecuador. Weselected a carcinogenic and a noncarcinogenic risk assessment method to estimate the hazard index (HI) and total cancerrisk (TCR). The concentration of Ag, Al, As, Cd, Cu, Fe, Mn, Pb, Zn, B, and V in water and sediment samples was considered toassess the risks to human health. The calculated HI was 23–352 times greater than the acceptable limits in all sites for bothchildren and adults. Mn and Fe were the main contributors (75% in water and 99% in sediment) to the total calculated riskbased on the HI. The calculated TCR for children and adults exceeded approximately one to three times the permissiblethreshold in all sites. As and Pb contributed up to 93% of the total calculated risk based on TCR for both children and adults.This study demonstrates that the emission and mobilization of metals and metalloids caused by mining activities increase therisk to human health, to which we recommend further monitoring of freshwater contamination in the area and the im-plementation of preventive health management measures