Browsing by Author "Calle Santander, Joe Oldeir"

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    Impacto de los medios de contraste en la función renal: Revisión bibliográfica sistematizada sobre mecanismos, biomarcadores y factores de riesgo asociados
    (Universidad de Cuenca. Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, 2026-02-19) Calle Santander, Joe Oldeir; Reibán Alberca, Damaris Nicole; Narváez Vera, Mónica Alexandra
    Contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN) is a prevalent cause of acute kidney injury resulting from the use of imaging studies. The aim of this study was to analyze the evidence from the last 10 years on CIN, its mechanisms, biomarkers, and risk factors through a systematic review. A systematic literature review was conducted in databases such as PubMed, Scopus, ScienceDirect, and Dialnet, including original articles published between 2015 and 2025 in adult populations. After excluding systematic reviews and pediatric studies, 26 articles were selected from prospective studies, retrospective studies, and clinical trials. The results showed a variable incidence of CIN according to the risk profile: while in low-risk patients it is 0.9%, this figure can increase to more than 40% in critically ill patients. Furthermore, it was found that there is a low probability of developing CIN when administering low-osmolarity contrast media. Advanced age, diabetes mellitus, and the volume of contrast medium administered were identified as risk factors. Creatinine was also confirmed as a late biomarker, which contrasts with emerging biomarkers such as NGAL and cystatin C that detect tubular damage between 2 and 6 hours post-contrast. The evidence suggests that the renal impact depends on the volume of contrast medium administered and comorbidities, making research into emerging biomarkers and hydration protocols key strategies for prevention.