Browsing by Author "Cajas Palacios, Margarita del Pilar"

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    Eficacia del tratamiento nutricional en pacientes con obesidad del Hospital Regional Vicente Corral Moscoso
    (2017) Araneda Cabrera, Karla Paola; Córdova Moreno, Claudia María; Aguirre Cornejo, Roberto Paulino; Cajas Palacios, Margarita del Pilar
    OBJECTIVE: To determine the efficacy of nutritional treatment of obese patients aged 20 to 64 years old who attended the Nutrition and Dietetics outpatient clinic at Vicente Corral Moscoso Hospital from April 2014 to April 2016. METHODOLOGY: This was a descriptive, longitudinal, and retrospective study that evaluated the weight loss of obese patients who attended the Vicente Corral Moscoso Hospital outpatient clinic for 12 uninterrupted monitoring sessions between April 2014 and April 2016. According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, the study population consisted of 40 cases, out of a total of 1974 clinical records reviewed. The data collection was done using a digital database in Microsoft Excel 2010 and the results were analyzed in SPSS software statistics version 18. RESULTS: Women between 40 and 59 years old made up 87.5% of the study population. At the start of the study, 55% of cases were classified as Grade III obesity, 32.5% as Grade II obesity, and 12.5% as Grade I obesity. At the end of the study, 40% were classified as Grade III obesity, 22.5 % as Grade II obesity, and 30% as Grade I obesity. The remaining 7.5% of patients became classified as overweight. CONCLUSION: Nutritional treatment was effective (loss of ≥10% of initial weight) for 52.5% of the cases and ineffective for 47.5%. It was shown to be more effective in the female population, from the Sierra (mountains), from the urban area, and from ages 21 to 49 years old
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    Perfil lipídico y su relación con el estado nutricional del personal operativo que labora en el Hospital General de Macas. agosto 2018- marzo 2019
    (2019-05-06) Lozano Duchitanga, Shirley Valeria; Lozano Duchitanga, Sinthia Carolina; Cajas Palacios, Margarita del Pilar
    OBJECTIVE: To determine the lipidic profile and its relationship with the nutritional status of the operating personnel of the Macas General Hospital. August 2018- March 2019. METHODOLOGY: the present study is of a quantitative, descriptive, cross-sectional type performed in a non-probalistic sample constituted by the operative staff of the General Hospital of Macas. Nutritional status was evaluated by taking anthropometric measures (weight, height, waist circumference, waist / height ratio), dietary habits with the application of a food survey (Frequency of Consumption). These data were simultaneously related to the lipid profile data. RESULTS: The study population consisted of 189 adults, between 22 and 63 years, 66.14% corresponded to females and 33.86% to males. The prevalence of overweight and obesity was 75.18% in the population, overweight presented a higher percentage (48.68%), and 26.5% corresponded to obesity. The male sex had a higher prevalence of dyslipidemia (56.25%), compared to the female sex (41.60%). The population consumed a hypercaloric diet of 2979.92 kcal, which 53.91% corresponded to carbohydrates, 34.02% fats and 10.16% proteins. CONCLUSIONS: There is a high prevalence of overweight and obesity, associated with a high caloric intake, with an impact on the distribution of visceral fat reflected by a high waist / height index and lipid alterations in the blood that constitutes a greater risk of developing cardiovascular diseases.
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    Prevalencia de malnutrición en adultos mayores del Centro de Salud tipo C Nabón en el período 2018
    (Universidad de Cuenca, 2020-09-29) Peña Córdova, Diego Cristóbal; Cajas Palacios, Margarita del Pilar
    OBJECTIVE: To determine malnutrition associated factors prevalence in elderly patients at the Nabon´s type C Health Center, Azuay province, during the year 2018. METHODOLOGY: This is a quantitative, descriptive, retrospective, and cross-sectional type of research, carried out at the Nabon´s type C Health Center; using an statistical database with information from health records belonging to the subjects under study, previously loaded in an excel datasheet. RESULTS: The population under study was made up of 216 malnourished older adults, between 65 and 85 years old, the 59.26% were female and 40.74% were male. The most affected age range was the people among 65-74 years, representing 51.85% of the analyzed population. The prevalence of overweight presented the highest percentage of 43.52%, and obesity in 29.17%. The correlation of the risk factor with age, it was found that the ages between 75 to 84 years were higher in arterial hypertension with 18.52%. In the female sex, arterial hypertension (25%) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (21.76%) were higher. CONCLUSIONS: There is a high prevalence of risk factors with malnutrition, which constitute overweight and obesity due to hypertension, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and Parkinson's disease.
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    Prevalencia de sobrepeso y obesidad asociado a factores de riesgo en pacientes gestantes que acudieron a consulta externa – Hospital Especializado de la Fundación Pablo Jaramillo Crespo, durante el año 2019
    (Universidad de Cuenca, 2021-05-20) Machado Álvarez, José Antonio; Cajas Palacios, Margarita del Pilar
    Background: The World Health Organization (WHO) states that 1500 women die every day due to complications during pregnancy, childbirth or puerperium. During the year 2015 there were 303,000 maternal deaths worldwide, most of them in developing countries. In Ecuador, it is estimated that an average of 150 women die each year due to postpartum hemorrhage, preeclampsia and eclampsia. Overweight and obesity are considered a factor that increases obstetric risks; therefore, maternal control is indispensable to reduce them and avoid maternal death worldwide. • General objective: To determine the prevalence of overweight and obesity associated with risk factors in pregnant patients who attended an outpatient clinic at the Specialized Hospital of the Pablo Jaramillo Crespo Foundation, during the year 2019. • Methods: It was a descriptive, quantitative, retrospective and transversal study, applied to pregnant women who attended an outpatient clinic at the Specialized Hospital of the Pablo Jaramillo Crespo Foundation during the year 2019. Through the review of clinical records and the hospital's database, the information was digitized into the Epi Info 2014 software, which will be tabulated and analyzed for the elaboration of the results. • Results: The population consisted of pregnant women who attended the outpatient clinic of the Specialized Hospital of the Pablo Jaramillo Crespo Foundation, who were overweight (41.07%), Obesity Type I (15%), Obesity Type II (2.14%) and Obesity Type III (0.36%). The most common risk factors were: Urinary Tract Infection (55.88%), Preeclampsia (7.35%) and Gestational Diabetes (2.21%).
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    Riesgo cardiovascular asociado al estado nutricional en pacientes adultos que acuden a consulta externa de nutrición y dietética - Hospital José Félix Valdivieso – Cantón Santa Isabel-abril a septiembre 2020
    (Universidad de Cuenca, 2021-06-03) Álvarez Pineda, Valeria Estefanía; Avilés Cusco, Karina Elizabeth; Cajas Palacios, Margarita del Pilar
    OBJECTIVE: To determine the cardiovascular risk associated with nutritional status in adult patients attending the nutrition and dietetics outpatient clinic of the José Félix Valdivieso hospital in the Santa Isabel district, from dates: April to September 2020. METHODOLOGY: Descriptive, transversal and retrospective search to evaluate cardiovascular risk associated with nutritional status in patients attending outpatient visits for nutrition and dietetics. According to the inclusion and exclusion factors, the sample consisted of 95 cases, out of a total of 242 medical records reviewed. The data collection was performed using a digital database in Microsoft Excel 2013. Frequency and association tables were made between the variables and the Odss Ratio was calculated to measure the strength of association. RESULTS: The search population consisted of 95 adults between 19 and 64 years old. The female sex was more predominant with 53,68%. Cardiovascular risk was determined by the waist/height index. It was present in 77,9% of the population. The cardiovascular risk was higher in the male sex than the female sex. It was represented by 43,16% of males. CONCLUSION: The association between cardiovascular risk and nutritional status is positive, since the result of the Odds Ratio corresponds to 5.2, that is, the nutritional status factor is associated with a higher occurrence of the cardiovascular risk event with a 95% confidence interval between 1.79 to 15.17, a value that is significant for the research. Meanwhile, with the abdominal perimeter indicator the association is negative given the 0,47 Odds Ratio results. This demonstrates that the nutritional status acts a protective factor.
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    Sedentarismo y obesidad central en pacientes con hipertensión arterial y diabetes mellitus tipo 2 en el Centro de Salud Carlos Elizalde
    (Universidad de Cuenca, 2017-11-11) Bustamante Domínguez, Dora Isabel; Serrano Cuesta, María Dolores; Méndez Sacta, Viviana Catalina; Cajas Palacios, Margarita del Pilar
    Background: Once diagnosed arterial hypertension and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, and the risk factors aren’t Modified as the Sedentary and center Obesity Will Have serious consequences in the Health, for which they are Responsible for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Complications, Giving concomitant diseases as a result, disabling and even death. Objective: Determine the sedentary lifestyle and central obesity in patients with arterial hypertension and type 2 diabetes at the Carlos Elizalde Health Center. Method and materials: A descriptive study was carried out, observational and a transversal slice, at the Carlos Elizalde Health Center, of the City of Cuenca. The convenience sample that was used on 61 Patients that participated with hypertension and type II diabetes mellitus, IN A PERIOD OF 3 MONTHS FROM SEPTEMBER 2016 until DECEMBER 2016. To determine sedentarism lifestyle and center obesity In hypertensive patients and with type 2 diabetes The International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) was used, the Pérez - Rojas - García Sedentary Classification Test and the measurement of the Abdominal Circumference using a metric tape. The Data obtained through the Instruments were analyzed in the SPSS 22 Statistical Program and also Microsoft Excel 2010. Results: Of the 61 Participants of the study we obtained a mayor Number of Patients with arterial hypertension with 42.62%, also a significant Number of Patients with Both pathologies 26.23%. With respect to the sedentary lifestyle According to Rojas García Pérez test we obtained a number of cases with the mayor severe sedentary lifestyle with a 39,34%, As far as the iPAQ it leads with a 67,21% of Moderated Physical Activity and with a 85, 25% of the cases a center obesity is present. Conclusions: Patients who present simultaneously arterial hypertension and type 2 diabetes mellitus, have a mayor percentage of severe sedentary lifestyle with 14.75%; Those that suffer arterial hypertension have moderate physical activity with 31.15% and 36,07% have central obesity