Browsing by Author "Auquilla Alvarado, Sonia Catalina"

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    Factores asociados a Neumonía Intrahospitalaria en pacientes mayores de 18 años. Hospital José Carrasco Arteaga. Cuenca, 2017-2018
    (2019-02-20) Auquilla Alvarado, Sonia Catalina; Villa Cárdenas, Esteban Homero
    Background: hospital-acquired pneumonia (HAP) is one of the leading hospital infections and is associated with high morbidity and mortality, as well as an increase in health costs. Objectives: to determine the factors associated with NIH in the Hospital José Carrasco Arteaga. Methods: a case-control study was developed, at the rate of two controls per case, matched according to age, sex and date of hospital admission. The sample was calculated using the Epi-Info program, with diabetes being the lowest associated factor, which corresponds to 3.03% in cases and 15.7% in controls, OR 2.76 and power of 95%. For the hypothesis test, OR, 95% CI and p value were applied. Results: the majority was older than 80 years (52.4% vs. 45.2%), the mean age is 76 years in cases and 73 years in controls (p: 0.88). The poor nutritional status (OR: 6.30, p: 0.000), alteration of the state of consciousness (OR: 2.95, p: 0.007), use of sedatives (OR: 2.65) and / or antacids (OR: 1.91), use of the probe nasogastric (OR, p: 0.000); bronchoaspiration (OR: 3.29, p: 0.000), endotracheal intubation and mechanical ventilation (OR: 2.75, CI: 1.396 - 5.442, p: 0.003) were risk factors for NIH. Prolonged hospital stay is the main associated factor (OR: 21.6, p: 0.000). Conclusions: NIH mainly affects elderly people, the main factor associated with its onset is prolonged hospital stay; the poor nutritional status, altered state of consciousness, the use of sedatives and / or antacids, bronchoaspiration, the presence of nasogastric tube, intubation and mechanical ventilation also influence
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    “Prevalencia de anemia ferropénica en estudiantes de sexo femenino del Colegio Ciudad de Cuenca. Cuenca, desde octubre de 2009 - julio de 2010”
    (2010) Amoroso Palacios, Remigio Leonardo; Arpi Quezada, Sandra Liliana; Auquilla Alvarado, Sonia Catalina; Mosquera Barzallo, Carlos Edmundo; Morales Sanmartín, Jaime Rodrigo
    The present study is part of a project carried out in different schools of the city of Cuenca: Manuela Garaicoa de Calderón, Ciudad de Cuenca, Herlinda Toral, Asunción.- It is a descriptive-transverse study, performed in 375 students select in aliatory way by informative programs Epi-Info and Epi-Dat. To collect the information, we used a questionnaire based on the characteristics of the menstrual periods (duration, quantity, frequency). Also we took a blood sample for analysis of recount erythrocyte, hemoglobin, hematocrit, MCV, MCHb; in students with hemoglobin values lower 12g/dL determining serum iron concentration and iron binding capacity. Prior to performing theses procedures were obtained consents and informed assent.- Results: the average age is 15,67year (±1,40), 97,33% and menstrual cycles started; which last 21 – 35 days in 65,75%; the average of the bleeding and volume is 5,15 days (±0,53) and 60,34cc (±11,66) respectively. The average of recount erythrocyte is 5 millions, hemoglobin 13,75g/dL (±0,49), hematocrit 42,75% (±2,57), MCV 89,87fl (±1,16), MCHb 29,51pg (±0,41). The frequency of anemia is 2,67% (10 students), of this group 60% volume of menstrual bleeding more than 80cc, serum iron values is less than 60ug/dL in 90%; and 30% with values of iron binding capacity on 400ug/dl.- Conclude: the prevalence of iron deficiency anemia is low in relation to data from others similar studies. The prevalence of iron deficiency anemia increases with the volume of menstrual bleeding. In students with low hemoglobin values present figures low serum iron concentration, confirming the iron deficiency anemia.