Browsing by Author "Ansaloni, Raffaella"

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Aislamiento de micorrizas y evaluación de la germinación simbiótica
(2015) Crespo Santander, Andrea Priscila; Ortega Guaricela, María Belén; Ansaloni, Raffaella
Orchid-fungus interaction is essential in nature for the efficient growth of orchid seeds. In this study two mycorrhizal fungi were tested for symbiotic seed germination of five species of orchids from the Orchid greenhouse the University of Cuenca. Nutritious culture media were used for mycorrhizal fungi isolation and purification. For symbiotic germination, and oat-based nutritious medium was used. The control group of orchids grown in Murashige-Skoog medium seeded with coconut. Mycorrhizal fungi isolates were morphologically determined as Tullasnela sp. and Cerratobasidium sp. Furthermore, the growth efficiency in symbiotic associations of the isolated mycorrhizae fungi with seeds of Epidendrum, Oncidium, Symphyglossum, Cochliodaand Masdevalliaorchids was tested, comparing with a control group.All the seeds evaluated microscopically reached the stage 5 after a minimum period of growth of seven days. These results allowed us to conclude growth by means of mycorrhizae association with the fungus Cerratobasidium sp., and light exposure.
Aislamiento y purificación de hongos micorrícicos asociados a seis especies de orquídeas de la parroquia Molleturo (Azuay) en un piso altitudinal de 1400 a 1800 msnm.
(2017) Bermeo Sangurima, Tania Fernanda; Sarmiento Sarmiento, Jessica Maribel; Cazar Ramírez, María Elena; Ansaloni, Raffaella
In this project the mycorrhizae fungi was isolated and purified in six orchid species. The samples of roots were taken of: Cyrtochilum serratum, Epidendrum secundum, Odontoglossum sp, Oncidium abortivum, Pleurothallis sp and Sobralia bimaculata, in the Molleturo town, Azuay, from altitude of 1400 to 1800 msnm. At the beginning it was selected and identified six orchid species to do this investigation. The roots of the species for the study were sampled and treated to obtain the fungal isolates according to the methodology of Zettler (2011) and Zhu (2008). The isolates realized with two mediums: FIM (Fungi Isolation Medium) and PDA (Patata Dextrosa Agar). After that it was monitored the growth in PDA and so finally purifying the fungal culture possibly mycorrhizal. It got 25 fungal isolates associated to the roots of the Cyrtochilum serratum, Epidendrum secundum, Odontoglossum sp, Oncidium abortivum, Pleurothallis sp and Sobralia bimaculata. The comparison with morphological clues permitted to relate to the isolates with the Tulasnella taxon. The fungal isolates obtained will be used in the second phase of the project “Estudio de la relación simbiótica orquídea-micorriza en la provincia del Azuay, Ecuador”, in which it will employ tools of molecular biology in order to categorize the taxon and specie. Also this project will contribute to the formation of a bank of microorganism; these will use as possible factors to promote the seed germination and propagation of orchids.
Aislamiento y selección de hongos potencialmente micorrízicos en seis especies de orquídeas nativas del cerro Abuga en la provincia del Cañar
(2016) Guamán García, María Vicenta; Ochoa Landy, Laura Gabriela; Ansaloni, Raffaella
The fungi that form symbiotic associations with the roots are called mycorrhizae, play a very important role during their life cycle, both in their nutrition and germination of the seeds. In the present study it was analyzed microscopically and illustrated the characteristics of basidiomas of potentially mycorrhizal fungi of orchids. In order to carry out this work, different root fragments of 6 species of orchids native to Ecuador were collected in the Abuga Hill located in the Bayas,Azogues city parish in the Province of Cañar. From each species 60 root fragments were seeded in FIM medium, giving a total of 360 seeded fragments. 124 viable colonies were isolated in PDA medium, of which 14 colonies presented characteristics similar to the genus Rhizoctonia, the rest of the colonies presented characteristics belonging to pathogenic fungi and saprophytes. The colonies of interest were isolated from Trichocerosantennifer, Elleanthusamethystinoides, Stelissp, Epidendrumchioneum, Pleurothallislinguifera and Epidendrum sp.
Aislamiento y selección de micorrizas con evaluación preliminar de su efecto en la germinación de orquideas en el orquideario de la Universidad de Cuenca
(2015) León Molina, Erika Tatiana; Molina López, Roxana Lucía; Ansaloni, Raffaella
Mycorrhizacan be found in theroots of orchids forming a symbiotic association; hence,moldscan be isolatedbyseeding theroots ofOrchids. In order to accomplish the latter, different fragmentsofroots offorty-oneorchid specieswere planted, andthese multipleplantings wereable to isolateten differentstrainsof molds. As a result, fourof the tenstrainshada positive effect onthe symbioticgermination of someseedsemployed; the effect ofmoldsdidseeds to germinatein a shorter timethan thosenot exposed. Insome of theother strains,pathogenic effectswere observed.
Evaluación de un medio óptimo para el crecimiento in vitro y ex vitro de orquídeas del género Epidendrum micorrizadas
(2019-02-16) Nivelo Vásquez, Ana Daniela; Rojas Pallashco, Carla Roberta; Ansaloni, Raffaella
The fungus-orchid symbiosis (mycorrhiza) is the interaction between the hyphae of a fungus species and the roots of a plant, forming a structure through which exchange of water, nutrients and growth regulators take place. This symbiosis has allowed orchids to grow and adapt to different types of habitats. In the present study, seedlings of Epidendrum sp. mycorrhizae with two fungi, Sebacina vermífera and Ceratobasidium sp., were used to study the in vitro and ex vitro growth of orchids, using three different culture medium. The study was carried out in the Orchid garden of the Chemical Sciences Faculty of the University of Cuenca and seedlings from the project "Study of the symbiotic relationship of orchid-mycorrhiza in the Province of Azuay, Ecuador" (DIUC XIV-16)” were used. The Murashige & Skoog Modified banana medium (Modified MS) and Oat Meal Agar (OMA) medium were prepared for the in vitro culture; and substrate (fine pine bark, Sphagnum moss and limestone) for the ex vitro culture. The viability and growth of the orchid were evaluated in the three culture medium, with the two types of mycorrhizal fungi. The results showed that the medium that allowed an optimal viability is Oat Meal Agar (OMA) for mycorrhizal seedlings with Sebacina vermífera (86%) and with Ceratobasidium sp. (73%). On the contrary, the medium with the lowest percentage of viability for Sebacina vermífera was substrate with 59% and for Ceratobasidium sp. was the MS Modified banana medium with 22%. The in vitro growth was higher than the ex vitro growth, being the Murashige and Skoog Modified banana mediumthe one that presented the lower growth, but greater homogeneity of the seedlings. The Oat Meal Agar (OMA) medium was the biggest growth for the seedlingswith the two symbiotic fungi.
Evaluación del crecimiento in vitro de plantulas de orquídea dacyglossumedwardii en medios de cultivo simples con suplementos orgánicos frente a medio de cultivo murashige y skoog modificado como testigo
(2015) Supliguicha Guillén, Patricia Elizabeth; Vera Castro, Sandra Elisa; Ansaloni, Raffaella
Orchids are plant species threatened due to an irrational exploitation for its ornamental value. Micro propagation methods must be optimized to improve massive reproduction of these species. The aim of the present study was to assess the “in vitro” growth of orchids from the specie Dacyglossumedwardii in simple culture media enriched with organic supplements: banana, green banana flour and potato puree. Murashige&Skoog modified medium was used as a control, to demonstrate the feasibility to replace simple media for the conventional medium. Green banana flour enriched with sacarose presented better results increasing plant growth up to 3,3 cm and survival percentage to 98.74%. Potato puree and conventional medium yielded plant growth of 3 and 2,8 cm and survival percentage of 97,5 and 91,25%, respectively. Media were formulated with an initial pH of 5.6. This value, considered optimum, experiment variations during the plant growth. Media with acidic pH, compared with 5.6 were more effective compared with basic pH media.
Perceptions towards the practice of andean traditional medicine and the challenges of its integration with modern medicine. Case Cuenca, Ecuador.
(2021) Quinche Guillen, Valeria Estefania; Garzon Lopez, Danilo Esteban; Ansaloni, Raffaella; Barrera Luna, Geovanny Patricio; Orellana Paucar, Adriana Monserrath; Huiracocha Tutivén, María de Lourdes
There is currently a resurgent interest in traditional medicine. The World Health Organization suggested applying strategies for its proper integration into the National Health System. This study seeks to know and understand the opportunities and challenges of the practice of Andean traditional medicine (ATM) in Cuenca (Ecuador) within the context of a possible integration with modern medicine (MM) from the perspective of healers, physicians, and users. The study is qualitative and has a phenomenological design. Convenience and snowball sampling was applied to select participants for focus groups, individual semi-structured interviews, and individual non-participatory observations. The information was qualitatively processed, and the findings categorized into 2 major themes (a. Opportunities in the practice of ATM, and b. Challenges in the potential integration of ATM in MM) and 14 associated subthemes, respectively 6 in the first main theme and 8 in the second main theme. Participants characterized the strengths and weaknesses in integrating Andean traditional medicine with modern medicine. Findings suggest that an appropriate integration of ATM with MM request a government regulatory framework encouraging the protection of ancestral wisdom and biodiversity, a safe and rational application of joint therapies, and research development in the area.
Procedimientos para la certificación de productos orgánicos para la comercialización de hortalizas en la provincia del Azuay Cantón Cuenca.
(2006) Vázquez, Pedro; Ansaloni, Raffaella
Propuesta para la producción y comercialización de tomate riñon (Solanum esculentum) órganico bajo invernadero
(2006) Córdova Valverde, Tania Rosalia; Morocho Mora, Cristian René; Palomeque Macías, David Lenín; Ansaloni, Raffaella
The micorryzal fungi ceratobasidium sp. and sebacina vermifera promote seed germination and seedling development of the terrestrial orchid epidendrum secundum jacq
(2019) Durán López, María Elisa; Cazar Ramírez, María Elena; Ansaloni, Raffaella; Narváez Vera, Mónica Alexandra; Jahreis, Kunt; Caroca Cáceres, Rodrigo Sebastián
The interaction between seeds and mycorrhizal fungi in germination and developmental processes is complex and far from being understood. The efficiency assessment of mycorrhizal fungi at “in vitro” seed germination of orchids will improve protocols for conservation and horticultural purposes. Applying a culture-dependent approach, we isolated 45 endophytic fungi, from roots of 12 orchid species, growing at two altitudinal levels in the Ecuadorian mountains. From them, 26 Rhizoctonia-like axenical isolates were studied by nuclear ribosomal rDNA sequences analysis, searching for mycorrhizal fungi . Ceratobasidium sp. and Sebacina vermifera were identified and tested for promoting germination and seedling development of Epidendrum secundum Jacq., an endangered medicinal orchid. Symbiotic cultures were stablished in Oat Meal Agar (OMA), and seeds development was compared between Murashige & …