Browsing by Author "Andrade, Susana"

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Dietary intake practices associated with cardiovascular risk in urban and rural Ecuadorian adolescents: a cross-sectional study
(2014) Ochoa Avilés, Angélica María; Verstraeten, Roosmarijn; Lachat, Carl; Andrade, Susana; Van Camp, John; Donoso, Silvana; Kolsteren, Patrick
Background Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are amongst the leading causes of death worldwide. Risk factors of CVD develop during childhood and adolescence, and dietary quality has been linked to the development of CVD itself. This study examines the association between dietary patterns and cardiovascular risk in a group of urban and rural Ecuadorian adolescents from different socioeconomic backgrounds. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted from January 2008 to April 2009 among 606 adolescents from the 8th, 9th and 10th grade in an urban area (Cuenca), and 173 adolescents from a rural area (Nabón) in Ecuador. Data collection involved measuring anthropometric data (weight, height and waist circumference), blood pressure, dietary intake (2-day 24 h recall) and socio-demographic characteristics. Fasting blood lipids and glucose were measured in a subsample of 334 adolescents. Factor analysis was used to identify dietary patterns and linear regression models were used to (i) identify differences in food intake practices according to socioeconomic status and place of residence and (ii) establish relationships between dietary patterns and cardiovascular risk factors. Results Median energy intake was 1851 kcal/day. Overall, fiber, fish and fruit and vegetables were scarcely consumed, while added sugar, refined cereals and processed food were important constituents of the diet. Two dietary patterns emerged, one labelled as “rice-rich non-animal fat pattern” and the other one as “wheat-dense animal-fat pattern”. The first pattern was correlated with a moderate increase in glucose in urban participants, while the second pattern was associated with higher LDL and cholesterol blood levels in rural participants. Conclusions This group of adolescents presented various dietary practices conducive to CVD development. Effective strategies are needed to prevent CVD in the Ecuadorian population by encouraging a balanced diet, which contains less refined cereals, added sugar, and processed food, but has more fruits, vegetables and whole grain cereals.
Exposición a monóxido de carbono en trabajadores de control vehicular-Cuenca: estudio exploratorio
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2015-09) Rosas, Ruth; Ochoa, Angélica; Morillo, Diana; García, Nancy; Andrade, Susana
This exploratory study aims to evaluate the carbon monoxide exposure expressed as percentage of carboxyhemoglobin (%COHb) among the vehicle-examiners of the vehicle control centers (VCC) “DANTON”-Cuenca. All the employees (N=55) in both VCCs in Cuenca (Capulispamba and Mayancela) were included. Blood samples taken at the beginning and at the end of the journey of one day at early February, April and July 2013 were used to estimate %COHb. The results show that the %COHb increased from the beginning to the end of the journey among employees in both VCCs and among smokers and nonsmokers (P<0.001). Among non-smokers (N=42), the %COHb at the end of the journey was higher than the biological limit value (BLV) of 3.5% only for Mayancela employees (4.12%, P<0.05). Among smokers, the mean %COHb at the end of the journey was higher than the BLV in both VCCs. In general, Mayancela employees and those who smoke showed higher exposition to CO measured as a %COHb.
Factors affecting physical activity in ecuadorian adolescents: a focus group study
(2015-03) Van Royen, Kathleen; Verstraeten, Roosmarijn; Andrade, Susana; Ochoa Avilés, Angélica María; Donoso, Silvana; Maes, Lea; Kolsteren, Patrick
Prevalencia de alergia alimentaria auto-reportada en adolescentes de Cuenca y Santa Isabel - Ecuador
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2016-09) Morillo Argudo, Diana Alexandra; Ochoa Avilés, Angélica María; Rodas, Claudia; Córdova, Diana; Zúñiga, Gabriela; García, Ana; Chávez, Ana Cristina; Ramírez, Patricia; Andrade, Susana
Food allergy (FA) is associated with the development of atopic diseases and anaphylaxis in adolescents. It was determined and compared among adolescents Cuenca and Santa Isabel: i) self-reported FA prevalence, ii) common food allergens and iii) self-reported atopic diseases. Crosssectional study was conducted in adolescents from Cuenca (n = 967) and Santa Isabel (n = 498) between July 2013 and July 2014. Data were collected through self-reported FA questionnaires. The prevalence of self-reported FA was 27.8% (Cuenca 31.5% vs. Santa Isabel 21.1 %; P <0.001). Additives were the major foods reported followed by the non-citrus fruits. 20.4% of adolescents who reported atopic diseases also reported suggestive symptoms of FA, while 7.4% of adolescents who reported suggestive symptoms of FA didn’t report atopic diseases (OR 3.39, 95% CI 2.6 to 4.4, P <0.001). In conclusion, self-reported additives and non-citrus fruits allergy were the most prevalent among adolescents in Cuenca and Santa Isabel. New foods usually not reported were identified. Adolescents with atopic disease were three times more likely to report FA than those who did not have atopic diseases.