Browsing by Author "Aguilar Valladares, Yolanda Mercedes"

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Caracterización y determinantes del rendimiento académico de estudiantes de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Universidad de Cuenca
(2018) Rosales Jaramillo, Cornelio Alejandro; Aguilar Valladares, Yolanda Mercedes; Vásquez Zamora, Ana Lucía; Guzmán Espinoza, Clelia Kathrine
The present descriptive correlational and transversal research was carried out in the Faculty of Agricultural Sciences of the University of Cuenca, Careers in Veterinary Medicine and Zootechnics and Agronomic Engineering located in the province of Azuay, Ecuador, South America. The objective was to characterize the students enrolled in the period March - August 2016 and establish the determinants of university academic performance, 100% of the student population was applied a structured survey on sociodemographic aspects and satisfaction on educational aspects using a Likert scale and analyzed the databases of the Socio-Economic Management Systems (SGSE) and Academic Management (SGA) of the University of Cuenca, grouping 48 possible personal, social and institutional determinants. For data analysis, the statistical package IBM® SPSS® Statistics version 24 and Microsoft Office Excel® version 16.0 software were used, considering the appropriate tools for a descriptive and correlational investigation. The study showed that the largest student population comes from the area of direct influence of the University of Cuenca and tax colleges with a performance rating in the baccalaureate of very good the same that fail to be maintained and/or overcome by the majority of students in the course of their third level training, reducing their performance to a regular or good rating. Of the determinants studied, only 18 show a relationship with university academic performance, although this is minimal or low.
Estudio exploratorio sobre la presencia de contaminantes en leche cruda proveniente de la cuenca lechera del Tarqui de la Sierra Sur Ecuatoriana
(2017) Serpa Garcia, Victor Guillermo
The present survey aimed to define the presence of contaminants in the raw milk of ten collection centers, with a reception capacity between 2,000 and 10,000 liters, situated in seven cantons of the Province of Azuay. Ninety samples were collected during three visits to each of the collection centers during the months of July and August 2016. In each sample the presence of antibiotics, hydrogen peroxide and neutralizers was analyzed by means of rapid diagnostic tests accredited in the food safety laboratory of AGROCALIDAD, an official institution of quality control. For the detection of antibiotics, a Trisensor® kit with validated sensitivity, applied worldwide, was used to detect and evaluate the level of three antibiotic families: beta-lactams, sulfonamides and tetracyclines, versus the maximum permissible limits in the Codex Alimentarius. The detection of hydrogen peroxide was performed by Test M-Quant™ measuring a range between 0.5 to 25 mg per liter of milk. The presence of neutralizers was determined by the alizarin method according to NTE NTE INEN 10:2012. 141,500 liters of raw milk were analyzed of which 64.7% were not fit for human consumption for the presence of one or more of the studied substances according to the NTE INEN Standard 9:2012 and the Codex Alimentarius. 13.3% of the samples were positive for beta-lactam antibiotics, but sulfonamides and tetracyclines was not detected. Besides 16.4% of the raw milk was adulterated with hydrogen peroxide and 60% with neutralizers.
Estudio exploratorio sobre la presencia de contaminantes en leche cruda proveniente de la cuenca lechera del Tarqui de la sierra sur ecuatoriana
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2017) Ortíz A., Maira; Rosales Jaramillo, Cornelio Alejandro; Aguilar Valladares, Yolanda Mercedes; Murillo Apolo, Yury Agapito; Serpa García, Víctor Guillermo; Paguay N., Tatania; Coronel A., Angel G.
The present survey aimed to define the presence of contaminants in the raw milk of ten collection centers, with a reception capacity between 2,000 and 10,000 liters, situated in seven cantons of the Province of Azuay. Ninety samples were collected during three visits to each of the collection centers during the months of July and August 2016. In each sample the presence of antibiotics, hydrogen peroxide and neutralizers was analyzed by means of rapid diagnostic tests accredited in the food safety laboratory of AGROCALIDAD, an official institution of quality control. For the detection of antibiotics, a Trisensor® kit with validated sensitivity, applied worldwide, was used to detect and evaluate the level of three antibiotic families: beta-lactams, sulfonamides and tetracyclines, versus the maximum permissible limits in the Codex Alimentarius. The detection of hydrogen peroxide was performed by Test M-Quant™ measuring a range between 0.5 to 25 mg per liter of milk. The presence of neutralizers was determined by the alizarin method according to NTE NTE INEN 10:2012. 141,500 liters of raw milk were analyzed of which 64.7% were not fit for human consumption for the presence of one or more of the studied substances according to the NTE INEN Standard 9:2012 and the Codex Alimentarius. 13.3% of the samples were positive for beta-lactam antibiotics, but sulfonamides and tetracyclines was not detected. Besides 16.4% of the raw milk was adulterated with hydrogen peroxide and 60% with neutralizers
La microempresa agropecuaria familiar como modelo para incrementar los ingresos económicos, autonomía y empoderamiento de las mujeres
(2017) Vásquez Zamora, Ana Lucía; Guzmán Espinoza, Clelia Kathrine; Rosales Jaramillo, Cornelio Alejandro; Rosales Jaramillo, Guido Leonel; Aguilar Valladares, Yolanda Mercedes
The objective of this study was to determine the incidence of the generation of rural micro-enterprises run by women from the Turupamba community (Quingeo parish-Azuay province) on the family income, economic autonomy and self-steem of the women. The current situation of 30 micro-entrepreneurs was studied by collecting primary and secondary information.Changes in livestock inventory, monthly rent and effective contribution of the micro-enterprise to the family income and quantitative economic parameters were statistically analyzed using Student's t-test at the 1% and 5% significance level. We also looked at qualitative aspects that were analyzed according to their percentage representation with reference to the total population studied.Results showed that the creation of agricultural micro-enterprises in rural areas by women is a valid alternative to improve their self-esteem, economic autonomy, access and control of family resources and income. Monthly family income was increased from 0.00 to 25,5 USD, livestock inventory increased from 13.9 to 56.1 animal units, while profits derived from the microenterprise increased from 8.2 to 43.4 USD.We conclude that generating agricultural micro-enterprises at a small scale is a way to generate income and improve the self-steem and economic autonomy of women in rural areas. Nonetheless, the income generated by these micro-enterprises is still significantly lower than the income generated by men in the same settings. Reducing the income gap between women and men is of crucial importance for building equitable societies.
Perfil metabólico básico de vacas holstein friesian mestizas de la Cuenca lechera de Tarqui Altiplano Sur del Ecuador
(2018) Rosales Jaramillo, Cornelio Alejandro; Bravo Alvarez, Maria Ximena; Aguilar Valladares, Yolanda Mercedes; Dutan Llivisupa, Jennifer Priscila
With the objective of establishing reference values of glucose, total proteins, urea, calcium, phosphorus and magnesium, 90 clinically healthy crossbred Holstein Friesian were studied in the Tarqui Altiplano Dairy Basin in the south of Ecuador, fed with naturalized grasses kikuyo base (Pennisetum clandestinum) and scarce white clover (Trifolium repens), three groups of cows were formed: G1 production greater than 14 liters per day, G2 between 9 and 14 liters per day and G3 dry cows. Blood samples were taken by puncture of the jugular vein and its serum analyzed by spectrophotometry; the results were analyzed with the program IBM® SPSS® Statistics version 23, for the variables glucose, total proteins and Mg the Kruskal-Wallis test was applied and for urea, Ca and P an analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey's multiple comparison test (P <0.05). Without considering the production levels, glucose and urea nitrogen are the metabolites of greater variability, not so total proteins, Ca, P and Mg. When the production variable was introduced, glucose and Ca did not present differences (p>0,05) between groups; in total proteins G1 and G3 presented significant differences (P<0,05); in urea G1 and G2 have similar behavior to the previous one, and, in P G3 and Mg G1, they are different (P<0,05) compared to the other groups. The obtained values are within ranges considered normal and can be used as referentials for interpretation of metabolic profiles of animals reared under similar management and environment conditions; no states of deficiency were found.
Prevalencia de bacteriuria asintomática en pacientes diabéticas premenopáusicas
(2002-11-11) Aguilar Valladares, Yolanda Mercedes; Pauta Delgado, Tania Elizabeth; Calvo Jerves, Susana
Producción de leche como respuesta a la fertilización y riego en ganaderías de ecosistemas andinos en Ecuador.
(2018) Guevara Viera, Raúl Victorino; Nieto Escandón, Pedro Emilio; Torres Inga, Carlos Santiago; Guevara Viera, Guillermo Emilio; Aguilar Valladares, Yolanda Mercedes; Serpa García, Víctor Guillermo; Once Yanza, Mariela Alexandra; López Alvarado, Diego Andrés; Ayala Guanga, Luis Eduardo; Murillo Apolo, Yury Agapito; Lascano Armas, Paola Jael; Arcos Álvarez, Cristian Neptali; Carmilema Asmal, Johny Fernando; Curbelo Rodríguez, Lino Miguel
In order to evaluate the effect of fertilizer and irrigation applications on milk production in Andean farms in Ecuador, a study was carried out on 535 farms with an altitude of 2550 m and temperatures between 7 and 25 ° C in montane ecosystems (Montano, Montano Alto and Montano Low). Factors such as fertilization and irrigation and the production of milk with a botanical composition of Ryegrass - Kikuyo as grasses and Clover White and Red as legumes were considered. The milk production was taken from the records corresponding to the day after the occupation of the paddock. A simple ADEVA was applied within each ecosystem. The dry matter availability of the grass was between 1.65 t / ha in Montano Bajo and 2.81 t / ha in Montano Alto. There were significant differences (P <0.05) in milk yields in Montano and Montano Alto with fertilized pastures (6.5 and 9.7 kg / cow) compared to lower values in non - fertilized. In relation to irrigation effects, significant differences (P <0.05) were in favor of sprinkler irrigation in Montano and Montano Alto with 8.7 and 10.8 kg / cow and higher values in production / ha. It was concluded that the responses in milk yield to fertilizer and sprinkler irrigation were significant (P <0.05) in the Montano and Montano Alto ecosystems compared to Low Montano, with values between 6,5 and 8,7 and 9,7 and 10 , 8 kg / cow / day and higher yields per area, explained by the greater availability of dry matter of the pasture in both ecosystems as an effect of applied agro technical activities