Browsing by Author "Abad Ortiz, Hugo Alejandro"

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Immunization strategies in dental caries: scopes and limitations
(2020) Cantos Tello, Paola Michelle; Torres Tamayo, Gabriela Cecibel; Abad Ortiz, Hugo Alejandro; Rodriguez Coyago, Maria De lourdes
Dental caries is an infectious disease, multifactorial, and considered a global public health problem. Of the cariogenic microbiota, Streptococcus mutans concentrated for years as the main etiological agent of dental caries; leading the scientific community to consider it a target of immunization strategies. However, recent studies discovered a polymicrobial ecosystem with wide variability in dental caries, and S. mutans would represent only a small part of the bacterial community, being found in less than 1% in the different types of carious lesions. Several studies have been carried out that seek to control both the appearance and the advance of cavities, for which, vaccines have been developed in two ways: passive immunization and active immunization. Both types of immunization target antigens expressed on the cell surface of the microorganism. In this study, research on the subject published in the last twenty years is reviewed, in order to establish the current state of this field, and expose its scope and limitations when it comes to meeting the objective of reducing the incidence of caries, which, according to world load studies is still high.
Importancia de la atención odontológica pre-tratamiento antineoplásico para reducir manifestaciones orales en pacientes pediátricos oncológicos. Revisión de la literatura
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2021-05-28) Abad Ortiz, Hugo Alejandro; Torres Tamayo, Gabriela Cecibel; Cárdenas Vidal, Fernanda de Lourdes
Cancer in pediatric patients and treatment affect directly or indirectly oral health in children, who will require dental treatments to maintain the health of their oral cavity stable. In this review, the importance of performing preventive and rehabilitative procedures on the oral manifestations presented by patients receiving cancer therapy is disclosed, to expand and update our knowledge about The dental care protocol can be performed more effectively before anti-neoplastic treatment or, and complemented with rehabilitation during and after treatment, with the aim of reducing existing oral complications, avoiding or reducing the appearance of new pathological conditions at the level of the oral cavity, and thus improve as much as possible the quality of life of pediatric cancer patients, who are significantly affected.
Síndrome de la apnea obstructiva del sueño: Revisión de la literatura
(2020) Buestan Zambrano, Juan Fernando; Abad Ortiz, Hugo Alejandro; Barzallo Sardi, Vinicio Egidio; Arias Murillo, Yanela Lisbeth; Yunga Picon, Maria Yolanda
Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome or OSAS is a sleep disorder of multifactorial etiology, which consists of partial or total obstruction of the upper airways, which could be critical in severe cases, it can occur in children and adults, some of its Clinical manifestations and symptoms include craniofacial anomalies, sleep quality deterioration, drowsiness, headaches, alterations in cognitive performance which have a great negative impact on the quality of life of people who suffer from it, it can also be associated with other pathologies or syndromes. According to studies, its prevalence is significant for it to be present in the daily appointment. The objective of this study was to carry out a review of the literature on OSAS from a dental perspective that helps us to better understand this pathology that allows us to collaborate in an early detection of it. 23 scientific articles from 2005 to 2020 were collected from the PubMed database that provide us with evidence about its pathogenesis, diagnostic methods, prevalence, severity, and treatment. According to the literature, the gold standard for diagnosis is polysomnography and there is no unanimous management protocol, especially in non-surgical therapy, that is why studies suggest that the management should be multidisciplinary orthodontist-doctor for its optimization. The importance of further studies on its treatment is highlighted.