Volumen 2 No. 2 (2011)

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Browsing Volumen 2 No. 2 (2011) by Author "Universidad de Cuenca"

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    Análisis de los factores que influyen el emprendimiento y la sostenibilidad de las empresas del área urbana de la ciudad de Cuenca, Ecuador
    (Universidad de Cuenca, 2011-12) Cordero López, Juan Francisco; Astudillo Durán, Silvana Vanessa; Delgado Noboa, Jorge Washington; Amón Martínez, Oswaldo; Carpio Guerrero, Ximena Catalina; Universidad de Cuenca; Dirección de Investigación de la Universidad de Cuenca
    This article presents the results of an analysis of the traits affecting entrepreneurial activity and the evaluation of the aspects that promote the entrepreneurial spirit and the sustainability of small to medium-sized businesses in the city of Cuenca. The analysis focused on external and internal factors, favoring and hindering the entrepreneurial process, respectively financing, market conditions and legal framework, and the level of education, entrepreneurial and motivational behavior. Data was collected via a descriptive cross-sectional survey, applied to 200 businesses, gathering general information about the manager, and the factors affecting entrepreneurship and company sustainability. The authors expect that the results of the survey will positively enhance the discussion between public, non-governmental and private actors and instructors on key policies stimulating the emergence of new enterprises and the strengthening of existing ones.
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    Evaluación de las emisiones de vapor mercurial en procesos de amalgamado artesanal: caso Cantón Ponce Enríquez, Provincia del Azuay
    (Universidad de Cuenca, 2011-12) Carrillo Rojas, Galo José; Astudillo A., Ana; Universidad de Cuenca; Dirección de Investigación de la Universidad de Cuenca
    Small-scale mining as applied at several locations in the Canton Ponce Enriquez, located in the Province of Azuay, Ecuador, use commonly the mercury amalgamation process whereby elemental mercury is mixed with silt or ore dust that contain tiny pieces of gold. The amalgam is heated and his mercury evaporates, leaving pure gold or silver. During the process miners and anyone else in the vicinity are at risk of inhaling mercury. In this study the variation in the concentration of mercury vapor was examined as a function of the distance from the focal point of heating at four different locations. Results reveal that mercury vapor levels released during the amalgam thermal separation largely exceed the international norms and security and health limits within a distance of one meter of the focal point. At further distance a notable decrease in the concentration of mercury vapor is recorded. The observations will be instrumental for the formulation of policies and regulations that mitigate the hazardous effects of the inhaling of mercury.
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    Modeling hydrological consequences of climate and land use change Progress and Challenges
    (Universidad de Cuenca, 2011-12) Feyen, Jan; Vázquez Zambrano, Raúl Fernando; Universidad de Cuenca; Dirección de Investigación de la Universidad de Cuenca
    This paper provides the state-of-the-art in hydrologic modeling regarding its capability of predicting the effects of climate and land use change on the hydrological cycle. In conclusion, the research challenges are pinpointed, which the community should address as to be able to observe and model, at a regional-scale, the coupled climate-water cycle in response to the human induced changes in climate and land use. The findings presented herein are a compilation resulting from an extensive literature review and the personal expertise of the authors. Given the focus on hydrologic modeling, many other aspects such as the best practices of integrated water resources management, cross-boundary water governance, the establishment of institutional frameworks, empowerment of local communities to participate effectively in water management and policy making, among many other very relevant aspects, were intentionally not considered as not to dilute the focus of the paper.
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    Monitoreo de movimientos de ladera en el sector de San Pedro de Vilcabamba mediante procedimientos GPS
    (Universidad de Cuenca, 2011-12) Zárate Torres, Belizario A.; DIUC; Universidad de Cuenca; Dirección de Investigación de la Universidad de Cuenca
    Landslides often affect large areas, developing latent due to the slowness of the internal dynamics and in most cases only notable by geomorphologic evidences such as soil fissures, which in several cases can be the reflection of other processes. Triggered by extreme rainfall passive potential landslides can convert quickly to active landslides causing huge economic losses, which can be accompanied by loss of human life. Landslide control, consisting in the collection of data to predict the behavior of slopes in time, does not yet exist in Ecuador. According to international literature, surveying the activity of the surface of potential landslide areas using GPS as monitoring technique permits to understand the limits, size, level of activity, direction and velocity of earth movement. In this paper, the technique was applied to quantify the movement of a landslide area in the San Pedro sector of Vilcabamba, southern Ecuador.