Volúmen 34 No . 3 (2016)

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Browsing Volúmen 34 No . 3 (2016) by Author "Guerrero Quiroz, Enmanuel Isidoro"

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    Características del primer hemograma, al momento del diagnóstico de leucemia linfoblástica aguda, en los niños del Instituto del Cáncer SOLCA-Cuenca
    (Universidad de Cuenca. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, 2016-12) Guerrero Quiroz, Enmanuel Isidoro; Peñafiel Martinez, Eulalia Cumandá; Sempértegui Cárdenas, Pablo Xavier
    BACKGROUND: The acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is the most common type of childhood cancer that affects the blood and bone marrow as a result of abnormal clonal proliferation of a cell group, and contrary to what is popularly believed, it not always debuts with leukocytosis (white blood cells> 10,000). METHODS: it is a descriptive study in which they were evaluated the blood counts from a total of 110 patients with ALL, from 1 to 18 years, treated at the Society for Fight against Cancer (SOLCA) Cuenca, between January 2009 and April 2014. Their demographic characteristics (age, sex, origin) and its number of white blood cells (WBCs), hemoglobin (Hb), platelet, levels of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), risk group, presence of Philadelphia chromosome and immunophenotype (T or B) were analyzed. RESULTS: The 53% of the patients were children. The average age was 7.9 years. Most served children belonged to the Azuay province. The 50% of patients had leukocytosis at the moment of diagnosis, the 42% Hb less than 8g / dL and 80% lower than 150 000 platelets / L. All children (100%) had a LDH above the normal value (234 U / L). The range was between 600 and 556000 GB/ L with an average of 48 000 GB / L. The 95% presented an immunophenotype B and 5% of patients were positive for Philadelphia chromosome. CONCLUSIONS: After the analysis it was concluded that half of the patients had leukocytosis. Most presented thrombocytopenia and anemia. This information should be considered when reviewing a child’s blood count, because as has been shown and unlike what was thought, leukocytosis is not always present in leukemia. Keywords: Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia, hyperleukocytosis, blood count