Volumen 5 No. 2 (2014)

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Browsing Volumen 5 No. 2 (2014) by Author "DIUC"

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    El desarrollo del sistema energético solar-hidrógeno en América Latina: potencialidades, oportunidades y barreras
    (Universidad de Cuenca, 2014-12) Posso Rivera, Fausto René; Sánchez Quezada, Johanna Patricia; Universidad de Cuenca; Dirección de Investigación de la Universidad de Cuenca; DIUC
    Solar-Hydrogen Energy Systems (SHES) are systems whose primary energy source is solar energy, directly or indirectly, and the secondary is hydrogen. Those systems are currently considered as the best option to complement and replace mid-term the energy systems based on fossil fuels. The main objective of the work presented herein is the identification and analysis of the factors involved in the development of SHES in Latin America. The study is a documentary research based on an extensive review of literature. Latin American countries possess an enormous potential of exploitable renewable energy; among them hydropower and biomass are often seen as the most suitable contributors to the energy mix, however SHES might evolve with time to an economic attractive alternative. Studies indicate that rural electrification and urban transport are niche opportunities that will enhance the development of SHES. The barriers hindering in Latin America the development and application of hydrogen energy are discussed: among them Latin American countries invest little in hydrogen energy research, and the few research is concentrated in a limited number of countries; the availability of poor trained and skilled human talent to further develop, adopt and operate this technology, with the consequence of an overall weak formative offer; a non competitive cost structure with respect to the fossil fuel based energy systems; and the lack of an institutional framework that encourages the development of this system. It is concluded that only the concerted action of research centers, universities and the private sector, guided by the government, will make it possible that this unique chemical element via sustainable applications shall contribute to the human development in Latin America.
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    Simplificación del proceso complejo de reducción de escala de los modelos climáticos globales por medio de la aplicación web SDW
    (Universidad de Cuenca, 2014-12) Gualán, Ronald; Sánchez, Esteban; Campozano, Lenin; Samaniego, Esteban; Vázquez, Angel; Universidad de Cuenca; Dirección de Investigación de la Universidad de Cuenca; DIUC
    The generation of climate change scenarios is based on the results of global climate models (GCM), which because of their low resolution require the use of downscaling techniques to assess the impact at local scale. Of the downscaling techniques, based either on the use of regional climate models or statistical methods defining the statistical relationship between synoptic climate variables and observations, previous studies revealed that statistical approaches most accurately predict future climate variables in mountainous areas, such as the Andes mountain range. To standardize and facilitate the assessment of the uncertainty between GCM models of future climate, greenhouse gas scenarios, and downscaling techniques, a versatile tool would be most appropriate and helpful. This paper presents the development, implementation and use of a web application that integrates all the steps in downscaling, it is from the search, analysis and storage of data, the selection, calibration and validation of models, up to downscaled outputs. The presented tool could easily be linked to a decision support system for climate change adaptation.
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    Uso de suero de leche líquido en la alimentación de cuyes (Cavia porcellus) en la etapa de crecimiento y engorde
    (Universidad de Cuenca, 2014-12) Rosales Jaramillo, Cornelio Alejandro; León Calle, Natalia Fabiola; Fajardo Fajardo, María Fernanda; Jara García, Xavier Geovanny; Universidad de Cuenca; Dirección de Investigación de la Universidad de Cuenca; DIUC
    A ration of 25%, 50%, 75% and 100% liquid whey in the feeding of male and female guinea pigs was tested versus a control of 0% liquid whey in the daily diet during the period of growth and fattening. The population consisted of 150 animals, distributed in a random block design with three replications. The daily diet consisted of different levels of liquid whey on top of a weekly budgeted food package of commercial concentrate and alfalfa. Results revealed a positive correlation between the dosage of liquid whey in the diet and the weight of male and female guinea pigs, with the most positive and significant effect (p < 0,5) in treatment 100% for males and 75% for females. The benefit/cost ratio was highest in the treatments 75 and 100%; 1,37 versus 1,10 in the control. Degustation, based on the variables color, smell and tenderness, scored best for a liquid whey supplement of 50%; flavor scored highest for a 100% supplement of liquid whey; and the presentation and acceptance variables scored best at a 75 and 100% supplement.