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Browsing Especializaciones by Author "Abril Ulloa, Sandra Victoria"

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    Autopercepción y constructo de la imagen corporal y su relación con la actividad física en adultos con sobrepeso y obesidad Ricaurte 2015
    (Universidad de Cuenca, 2017-11-11) De La Cruz Yamunaqué, Elizabeth Lilian; Abril Ulloa, Sandra Victoria
    Background: Obesity is an epidemic, related to intrapersonal factors (perception of the image and body dissatisfaction), family (family functionality) and sociocultural (influence of advertising, and social environment). Objectives: To determine self-perception of body image and its relation to physical activity in overweight and obese adults, Ricaurte 2015. Materials and Methods: Quantitative-qualitative study. Quantitative: observational, analytical-transverse, sample of 364 adults, 18 and 64 years, overweight and obesity of Ricaurte, Azuay. The family APGAR, CIMEC, and IPAQ were applied. Statistical analysis was performed with the SPSS v15 program. Qualitative: three focus groups. Results: wrong perception of the image of 63.2%. Body dissatisfaction of 78%. Significantly statistically significant dissatisfaction with the perception of the image (p = 0.00). The women showed a high influence of the aesthetic models marked by the advertising 10,8 ± 7,7. 39.3% performed low activity, no relation was found between the perception of the image and the performance of physical activity (p = 0.652). People with body dissatisfaction are 5.7 times higher risk for inadequate perception (OR: 5.70, 95% CI: 3,329 - 9,790, p = 0,000). There are ambivalences in the feelings around the body, these range from indifference to sadness and rejection. Conclusions: high inadequate perception and body dissatisfaction in overweight or obese individuals. The perception of the image is not related to family functionality or physical activity. The feelings around the body are diverse
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    Estado nutricional y factores asociados en adolescentes escolarizados de la Ciudad de Paute 2014
    (Universidad de Cuenca, 2015-11-11) Flor Garrido, Ana Patricia; Abril Ulloa, Sandra Victoria; Arévalo Peláez, Carlos Eduardo
    Background: Malnutrition is a problem of public health both by excess as by deficit. Objective: To determine the nutritional status and associated factors of the adolescents of the city of Paute, 2014. Materials and Methods: Observational and analytical cross-sectional study was conducted. The sample consisted of 314 adolescents of 12-19 years old of the schools in the city of Paute. Food intake and physical activity were determined by questionnaires. Results: The prevalence of underweight was 5.7% (95% CI 3.14 -8.26), overweight 18.5% (95% CI: 14.21 -22.79) and obesity 3.2% (95% CI: 1.25 -5.15). The 84.1% of adolescents were inactive. Low intake of dairy products (57.3%), fruits (44.9%), vegetables (80.9%), cereals (56.4%), meats (80.6%) and high intake of junk food (52.2%) were observed. Association between adolescent’s underweight and educational level of the mother was found OR=0.38 (IC95%: 0.15-0.99) p=0.04; and between overweight/obesity and residence in urban areas OR=1.90 (IC95%: 1.10-3.27) p=0.020. Other factors such as educational level of the father, sex, height, physical activity were not shown to be associated with overweight-obesity or underweight. Conclusions: The prevalence of malnutrition is high in adolescents. Educational and interventional programs to promote physical activity and good nutrition habits to get healthy lifestyles are necessary.