Incidencia de la pandemia Covid-19 en los indicadores financieros de las empresas pertenecientes al sector manufacturero del Ecuador. Comparación empresas del percentil 1 y percentil 100. Período 2019-2020

Abstract

Due to the covid-19 pandemic, many of the sectors were affected by the normality of their activities, and therefore their behavior or financial performance. In this sense, the manufacturing sector, which is one of the main sectors of the country, was also hit. Consequently, in the present work we try to observe if, in effect, the behavior of manufacturing companies was altered as a result of covid-19. For this, both the 100th percentile and the 1st percentile companies were taken as a sample, for the 2019-2020 period. In addition, a correlational analysis was used, up to a logit model, through parametric and non-parametric tests for mean differences. The results at the correlational level show that there are indeed some financial indicators that were affected, because the direction of the correlation is reversed. However, applying statistical tests for groups, it is observed that not in all cases the indicators are different prior to the pandemic with respect to the period with the pandemic. The logit model was used to observe which factors influence whether a company belongs to the 100th percentile or the 1st percentile. In this sense, it is observed that a large part of the factors that were significant retained their significance before and during the pandemic. Therefore, it can be concluded that in general the covid-19 did not have such an impact that it substantially alters the behavior of the manufacturing companies of the 100th and 1st percentile, in a financial sense.