Caractersticas de la hipoacusia en pacientes de 0 a 20 años, atendidos en el servicio de otorrinolaringologia del Hospital Homero Castanier Crespo de la ciudad de Azogues en el periodo comprendido entre los años 2008 a 2012.

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Hearing loss has a high incidence increases as they appear new diagnostic techniques.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence and risk factors for hearing loss in the service of Otolaryngology Hospital Crespo Homero Castanier Azogues City from 2008 to 2012.

METHODOLOGICAL DESIGN: This is a descriptive cross-sectional study quantitative retrospective, the sample of 200 met the inclusion and exclusion criteria for identifying hearing disorders and risk factors by reviewing the medical records available. The data were obtained using a form and entering the data for further analysis with SPSS and Excel programs.

RESULTS: Hearing loss was mostly from 0-5 years of age with higher incidence in men and post-lingual onset. Congenital causes were most prevalent being 53% and 47% RECESSIVE KEY. Prenatal Risk Factors acquired infections were more prevalent for TORCH and ototoxic. The most important factor is the PREMATURITY perinatal risk. The postnatal risk factor is predominantly serous otitis MEDIA. The highest percentage of patients with hearing loss is within the urban area of AZOGUES. Depending on the type of hearing loss was recorded: DRIVING 49%, 44% and MIXED SENSORINEURAL 7%. Most patients had hearing loss MODERATE. The diagnostic method in detecting dominant hearing loss is audiometry.

CONCLUSIONS: Hearing loss is a major disabling disease of multifactorial etiology early age whose disabling sequelae are preventable Mediate diagnosis and treatment.

KEYWORDS: HEARING LOSS, RISK FACTORS, INCIDENCE, PREVALENCE, OTORRINOLARINGOLOGIA, HOMERO HOSPITAL CASTANIER CRESPO