Características del ultrasonido transfontanelar en recién nacidos prematuros, Hospital Vicente Corral Moscoso, Cuenca, 2013

Abstract

Objective: To characterize the ultrasonographic findings of the central nervous system in preterm infants treated at the Vicente Corral Moscoso Hospital. Cuenca 2013. Methods: The study included 100 preterm infants referred for assessment by imaging, in the period from February to August 2013. All patients underwent ultrasonography transfontanelar, where values of type and frequency characteristics of the neurological pathology found was obtained. Results: The mean gestational age found was 33.4 weeks, in terms of chronological age, the average was 7.6 days, there were 51 female patients and 49 males , with respect to the weight of the newborn mean 1,609.3 grams . Apgar score of 7-10, was the most common value found to the first and fifth minute of life. The most prevalent diagnosis was congenital anomalies with 9%, of which most were not anatomic variants marker of pathology, the major pathological diagnosis was that of germinal matrix hemorrhage with 6%, followed by periventricular leukomalacia 2% and 4% hydrocephalus. Measurement of ventricular repo rate valuable findings to detect a percentage of the study population (13 %) with ventricular dilatation, including this, patients with neurological disease by 4% without disease by 9 %, which suggests their valuable importance. Conclusions: Transfontanelar ultrasonography proved an effective diagnostic method for various pathologies found, the ventricular rate also proved to be a valuable screening method for the search of ventricular dilatation.

KEYWORDS: CRANIAL FONTANELLES/PATOLOGY, ULTRASOUND / METHODS, PREMATURE, CEREBRAL VENTRICLES, VICENTE CORRAL MOSCOSO REGIONAL HOSPITAL, CUENCA-ECUADOR