Propuesta de una arquitectura de software para la gestión de una Cadena de Suministro Agroalimentaria de los andes ecuatorianos alineada a la Industria 5.0

Abstract

In the dynamic scenario of Agricultural Supply Chain (ASC) management, this thesis focuses on the development of a software architecture in line with the principles of Industry 5.0. To achieve this, following the methodology proposed by Fink for a systematic literature review, both the current technological state and previous architectures in the agricultural domain were extensively explored. Specific tools and conceptual architectures with notable integration deficiencies were identified during this exploration. The assessment of the technological state in the case studies located in Susudel and Riobamba highlighted their deficiencies and revealed a tendency towards lower scores. Although the evaluation was confined to Industry 4.0, it provided an initial insight into addressing these shortcomings. Based on the literature review and practical cases, an architecture centered on the integration of information systems for ASC management was formulated. The design was oriented towards the effective integration of systems, emphasizing key components such as "Product Traceability," "Accountability," and "Management Analytics." The evaluation and refinement of the architecture included both a theoretical review and practical validation through real-case scenarios. Critical decisions, such as the adoption of a distributed architecture, an API Gateway, and a cache server, enhanced operational efficiency. These adjustments significantly reinforce the overall performance of the architecture, addressing identified challenges and layin g the groundwork for more robust and efficient management of the CSA in a dynamic environment.