Análisis de factores de riesgo psicosocial en el personal del sistema de recolección de residuos sólidos domiciliarios de Empresa Pública Municipal de Aseo de Cuenca (EMACEP)

Abstract

The proper management of household waste is essential for maintaining cleanliness in cities, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic. The collection of these wastes, carried out by waste collectors in collaboration with drivers, is a crucial part of this process. However, this task involves numerous environmental, biological, ergonomic, mechanical, and psychosocial risks that can affect the physical and mental health of workers. The Municipal Public Cleaning Company of Cuenca (EMAC-EP) is responsible for this task in the Cuenca canton, as well as other activities related to the maintenance and administration of green areas and parks. Methodologies such as CoPsoQ istas 21 and the Maslach Burnout Inventory have been used to identify and evaluate the psychosocial risks faced by household waste collectors. The results show that the main psychosocial risk factors are work pace, role conflict, and insecurity about working conditions. Additionally, indications of Burnout syndrome have been observed among workers, varying according to age, years of experience in the company, and type of work performed. A direct relationship has been found between the type of service and the frequency of depersonalization among EMAC EP workers, being more frequent among contracted workers than among permanent employees. These findings underscore the need to address psychosocial risks and improve the working conditions of household waste collectors to safeguard their wellbeing and work performance.