Nuevas alternativas de uso, diseño, ampliación y complementación a nivel de anteproyecto para el cementerio municipal del cantón Sucúa, Morona Santiago

Abstract

Death would not only be the end of life, but a na tural and inevitable moment in the existence of the human being with its rights and obligations. To con dition the return to nature of the matter of inert bodies, it is necessary to allocate a space for their burial, so that loved ones can visit them and make use of this space according to their customs. The cemetery is the place where the mortuary remains of human beings are deposited. Depending on the culture of the society, they can be placed in coffins, sarcophagi or coffins. It is also known that the re mains can be wrapped in cloth to bury them under ground, or they can be placed in structures such as mausoleums, niches, crypts or others. The municipal cemetery of Sucúa (Ecuador), located in the South neighborhood of the canton, had in 2019 a mini mum area for the construction of niches and vaults. Currently, it does not have spaces for mausoleums. Given this lack and due to the health crisis that has been experienced since the end of 2019 (CO VID-19), the municipal GAD expropriated the land surrounding the current cemetery property for its expansion. According to these needs, the present degree work consists of carrying out a Preliminary Architectural Project that considers new alternati ves for use, design, expansion and complementa tion for the Municipal Cemetery of Sucúa, supplying the areas for the current and future graves of the population. In the first instance, the background and general aspects of the problem are addres sed, then an analysis of the historical foundation the classification, types of burial and an analysis of the cemeteries in Ecuador are carried out. Fur thermore, for a correct development of the prelimi nary project, a historical approximation of Sucúa is carried out, of the emergence and physical evo lution of the cemetery, its regulations, the analysis of preexistences, its context, and the assessment of the existing infrastructure. Later, we proceed with an analysis of the architectural references to determine criteria and strategies that help specify and impro ve the project ideas. Finally, the design of the archi tectural preliminary project is proposed with inter vention criteria that contribute to solving the needs of the inhabitants. The designed spaces allow the development of various activities, adding to the project areas for the sale of flowers, sale of coffin services, administrative blocks, two viewing rooms, a chapel, a cafeteria, a commemoration area about the first characters from Sucua who were buried in the cemetery, among others.