Frecuencia del síndrome premenstrual y trastorno disfórico premenstrual en estudiantes de primero y segundo ciclo de la Carrera de Medicina de la Universidad de Cuenca, Cuenca 2023

Abstract

Background: Premenstrual syndrome has a high prevalence and affects approximately 50% of women of reproductive age; while premenstrual dysphoric disorder affects 14% worldwide. Objective: To identify the frequency of premenstrual syndrome and premenstrual dysphoric disorder in first and second cycle students of the Medicine degree at the University of Cuenca, in 2023. Methods: A descriptive, prospective and quantitative study was carried out, 205 were surveyed. students who met the selection criteria. To determine the frequency of the syndromes, a Premenstrual Symptoms Screening Tool questionnaire was applied. The data analysis was carried out with the statistical program SPSS version 26.0 and the results are presented in simple, double-entry tables. Results: The students have an average age of 19.18 ± 1.30 years, the majority live in the urban area, are of Ecuadorian nationality, are enrolled in the second cycle of the medical degree at the University of Cuenca and are single The majority had a menarche between 11 – 15 years of age, with a regular/normal menstrual cycle, bleeding ≤ 7 days, they did not use contraceptives, they were nulliparous and nulliparous. 52.2% of the students presented premenstrual syndrome and 10.2% suffered from premenstrual dysphoric disorder. In the group studied, moderate PMS predominated (45.1%), followed by mild (30.3%) and severe (24.6%). Conclusions: More than half of university students have premenstrual syndrome and a tenth suffer from premenstrual dysphoric disorder.