Análisis cualitativo de la calidad de vida de la población adulta mayor jubilada de empresas públicas, en la ciudad de Cuenca, Ecuador, año 2023

Abstract

Aging is a stage in the life cycle that involves biological, psychological and social changes. From a social perspective, it is natural for older adults to modify their work activity and, in many cases, choose to retire. Thus, having gone through an active working life, they need to maintain their state of activity, but this does not happen, as some seek peace and quiet and engage in activities such as going for a walk or meeting with friends, which, like family support, influences their quality of life. The general objective of this research is to analyze, based on their perceptions, the quality of life of retired senior citizens from public companies in the city of Cuenca, 2023.

A qualitative methodology was applied with a phenomenological design and a hermeneutic sub-design, since the aim is to learn about the experiences of retired older adults. The research involved 11 retired elderly people from public companies, as well as 2 professionals in Social Work who work in the selected companies. The instrument used was the interview, which consists of two parts: the first part focuses on the social and demographic identification of the retired elderly, while the second part contains questions related to their quality of life. An interview focused on retirement and the support provided by the company was administered to the professionals. The analysis of the interviews was carried out using Atlas. Ti, and SPSS was used for the presentation of data and graphs on the socio-demographic aspect. In the results regarding the quality of life in the family and community, it is evident that the retired older adult experiences changes in health, occupation, family, social and community environment, which are important for the satisfaction of needs, in addition to presenting solid support networks that have a positive influence on their quality of life.