Evaluación de tres extractos naturales en el manejo de poblaciones de nemátodos fitófagos en banano (Musa sapientum L) variedad Filipino a nivel de fincas convencionales de Machala – El Oro

Abstract

The present research work was carried out with the objective of evaluating the nematicidal efficiency of three natural extracts (neem, ricinus oil and leaching of banana rachis) for the management of populations of phytophagous nematodes in banana cultivation of the Philippine variety. For which the initial populations of infestation of nematodes in soil and root were evaluated before the application of the mentioned products, the population densities of nematodes at 60 and 90 days of application of each product were also determined. The samples were collected and sent to the laboratory, sieves were used to extract the nematodes in the roots, while the Baermann funnel was used in the soil. Five treatments were evaluated in a randomized complete block design with four replications. As main results, it was possible to demonstrate a positive effect on the population reduction of Helicotylenchus spp. and Pratylenchus spp. in the plants treated with the neem-based extract, a statistically similar result to the chemical nematicide Verango. The results also indicate that there was a significant effect on the variables: final bunch size and on the total fresh weight of the bunch of those plants treated with Verango, the rest of the treatments did not present significant differences in the evaluated variables, the chemical control had an application cost of $41,88, while the neem-based extract $25,92; although the rest of the treatments were not significantly different from the control, it is considered convenient to continue evaluating their nematicidal capacity.