Mal estado nutricional de la madre al final del embarazo y el peso del recién nacido en el Hospital José Carrasco Arteaga, periodo 2020

Abstract

Inadequate maternal nutritional status, due to excess or deficiency, predisposes to developing complications before, during and after childbirth for both the mother and the newborn (NB), which implies healthcare costs. It is important to monitor the Body Mass Index (BMI) and maternal nutritional status to reduce the rate of maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality. To determine the poor nutritional status of the mother at the end of pregnancy and the weight of the newborn at the José Carrasco Arteaga Specialty Hospital during the period January-December 2020. A descriptive, retrospective and quantitative study was carried out. The universe made up of 846 pregnant women and the sample was 371 women who gave birth at the José Carrasco Arteaga Specialty Hospital in the period 2020, with this data a form was created. For statistical analysis, Microsoft Excel and the SPSS program were used for analysis of variables, frequency, and percentages. From the total of 371 pregnant women, 285 had poor BMI (underweight, overweight and obesity) at the end of pregnancy. The children who were underweight were 58, of which 53.57% were from mothers with low weight, which indicates that maternal malnutrition is influenced to the weight of the newborn. Conclusions Poor maternal BMI influences the weight of the newborn, mainly of those with low weight who obtained the highest percentage of newborns with low weight.