Relación entre propiedades físico químicas del suelo y tipos de sistemas de producción en 3 escenarios de la provincia del Azuay

Abstract

Agriculture plays a transcendental role in the development of life; inadequate management of agriculture alters the physical-chemical properties of soils, putting food security at risk. In this context, the objective of this study was to identify relationships between soil physical-chemical properties and types of production systems in three scenarios in the province of Azuay. It was carried out in the parishes of Bulán-Paute, Cutchil-Sigsig and Principal-Chordeleg, where a completely randomized design was applied, with 15 soil samples and 3 types of production systems per scenario, in three scenarios, with a total of 135 samples. Soil physicochemical tests were performed and a normality analysis was applied with the Kolmogorov Smirnov test, Kruskal Wallis test and finally Spearman's correlation. In the scenario and production system relationship, the following values were obtained: pH values in the range of 6.13 and 7.23; 68.4 to 107.7 EC µS/cm, 11.6:1 C/N, textural classes: loam, silt loam, clay loam and clay, and granular and crumbly structure. Relevant results were observed in the productive system of pasture type (Principal) 0.72 % N, 14.35% MOS, 192.70 T/ha of COS, in pasture (Bulán) 1.87 g/cm3 Da, 2.40 g/cm3 Dr and pasture (Cutchil) 42.59% porosity. In addition, correlations were presented (N with MOS 0.9998, PT with MOS -0.827, N with COS 0.768, COS with MOS 0.768, N with MOS -0.691 and Da with MOS -0.691), determining interactions between variables since the pore space affects the bulk density, which is directly linked to the amount of organic matter, nitrogen content and these in turn with the carbon content in the soil.