Caracterización de aislados virales en Solanum quitoense y Solanum lasiocarpum

Abstract

The cultivation of naranjilla represents one of the significant economic sectors at the level of the eastern communities of Ecuador, being a crop widely accepted both in the national and foreign markets. Among the main limitations that affect production and make it unprofitable are pests and diseases that limit its performance, using excessive use of pesticides to counteract the problems presented in situ. Taking into account the incidence of pests, these can be the main spreaders of more complex diseases such as viruses. In several locations in the Limón-Indanza canton, the incidence of possible symptoms related to viruses has been witnessed, such as: chlorosis, wrinkling of leaves, internerval mosaics, underdevelopment in plants, fruit abortion, highlighting the presence of possible viruses among different locations. The objective of this study was to characterize the viral isolates from 4 naranjilla producing localities in two species of the Lasiocarpa group, (S. quitoense and S. lasiocarpum), mechanical inoculations were carried out in the two species, evaluating the incidence and severity of the symptoms. Observed in the experimental units, a completely randomized design was carried out, for the severity variable it was measured at 15, 35 and 56 dai (days after inoculation), there were differences between the control and the viral isolates for each of the species. It was also identified that S. quitoense was more susceptible to damage than S. lasiocarpum. In the molecular part, no amplifications were observed with the primers used for PCR. In addition, the symptoms observed for each viral isolate were characterized, this work being a contribution of continuity and information for the southern region of the country.