Comparative analysis of the structural weights of fixed prostheses of zirconium dioxide, metal ceramic, PMMA and 3DPP printing resin - mechanical implications

Abstract

The aim of this study was to determine the mechanical implications in a four-unit fixed dental prosthesis (FDP) made of 1) monolithic zirconium dioxide (ZR O2), 2) polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA), 3) metal-ceramic (PFM); and 4) impression resin (3DPP). Methods: Four groups were fabricated with 8 samples for each material (n:32), each structure was weighed, subjected to compressive tests, and then analyzed by 3D FEA. Results: PMMA presented the lowest structural weight (1.33 g); followed by 3DPP (1.98 g); ZR O2 (6.34 g), PFM (6.44 g). PMMA in fracture tests, presented compressive strength (2104.73 N), tension (351.752 MPa), followed by PFM with strength (1361.48 N), tension (227.521 MPa); ZR O2 with strength (1107.63 N) and tension (185.098 MPa); and 3DPP strength (1000.88 N) and tension (143.916 MPa). Deformation according to 3D FEA, showed: 3DPP presented the lowest degree of deformation (0.001 mm), followed by PFM (0.011 mm), ZR O2 (0.168 mm) and PMMA (1.035 mm). Conclusions: the weight of materials would not have a direct influence on the mean values obtained for strength, stress and strain. Since the performance is related to the tension and forces supported by the structures in critical zones, it could be mentioned the importance of considering design factors.