Estereotipos de género en estudiantes de segundo de bachillerato de la Unidad Educativa Herlinda Toral de la ciudad de Cuenca en el año lectivo 2022-2023

Abstract

Gender stereotypes, such as machismo and marianismo, are beliefs built in a sociocultural context that are related to behaviors and feelings associated with biological sex and cultural identity. The objective of this research was to describe gender stereotypes in second-year high school students from the Herlinda Toral Educational Unit. The study was carried out with a quantitative approach, a non-experimental and cross-sectional design. We worked with a sample of 90 students from the morning shift of the Herlinda Toral Educational Unit during the period 2022-2023. The sample was selected intentionally, following inclusion and exclusion criteria. The sexual machismo scale, the marianismo belief scale, and a sociodemographic file were used to collect the information. The results showed low machismo and marianismo beliefs in general. However, some outstanding beliefs were identified, such as the idea that men should start their sexual life during adolescence. Women showed less tendency to have machismo beliefs. The Catholic religion had a greater number of cases in the category without a tendency and with a tendency to machismo beliefs. Regarding the variables of sex and religion, both women and Catholics showed a higher frequency in the category with no tendency and with a tendency to marianismo beliefs. In conclusion, there were low machismo and marianismo beliefs in general.