Efecto antioxidante de los compuestos fenólicos y bioactivos presentes en Psidium guajava (guayaba) y sus beneficios en la salud del ser humano

Abstract

Oxidative stress occurs when there is an imbalance between reactive oxygen species and the body's antioxidant defense capacity. This imbalance is related to different pathologies. Psidium guajava (guava) has been found to contain large amounts of antioxidant compounds. The study is a descriptive, narrative review, exploring the area related to oxidative stress and information about guava, about its benefit on human health, information was collected from files in periods from the years between 2020 to date current. The collection of information was based on the search for scientific articles with information dating between the period 2018-2023. Based on the bibliographic analysis carried out for this research, it was found that the fruit of Psidium guajava has hypoglycemic and hypotensive effects, it is characterized by a high content of antioxidants that help eliminate reactive oxygen species. In addition, it has astringent and antibacterial properties that help treat stomach problems, its high content of vitamin C helps prevent colds, and the presence of vitamin A and vitamin B6 makes it considered useful for eye health and promotes good health of various cognitive functions. Currently, there are works that mainly evaluate the leaves of Psidium guajava, since the fruit tends to modify its physical and chemical characteristics quickly, so it is necessary to evaluate and establish the variability of bioactive components according to the different stages of maturity of the fruit.