Lineamientos bioclimáticos aplicados en el diseño urbano arquitectónico. Caso de aplicación: proyecto línea férrea de Gapal, Cuenca

Abstract

Bioclimatics is the process of adapting to the natural context, taking full advantage of the site resources to achieve greater comfort, however, the evolution of societies and their economic development has led to a loss of awareness about the main factors that used to influence the construction of habitable space, climate and the physical conditions of the site, giving more importance to representative and symbolic functions. Considering that 50% of the world’s population lives in urban areas, more than 75% will by 2050, and that they generate about 67% of the greenhouse gas emissions from energy consumption, the development of cities must be oriented towards a more sustainable alternative where “urban design is the most important tool when creating a sustainable society” (Kim; Kwon, 2018), and considering the importance of public spaces in cities, a projectual shift of focus is necessary in the design of public spaces towards a sustainable and bioclimatic approach. Cuenca being a rapidly growing medium-sized city, has the opportunity to reorient its development, that’s why this study focuses on considering the climate and its effects on the development of the architectural projectual process of outdoor public spaces seeking to improve their degree of comfort against the climate while focused on the specific environmental conditions of Cuenca, proposing the making of a method of application of bioclimatic guidelines for architectural urban design in the city of Cuenca.