Tipificación de delito y cuadro nosográfico en personas declaradas inimputables que fueron internadas en el Instituto de Neurociencias de la Junta de Beneficencia de Guayaquil-Ecuador, durante el periodo 2013-2022

Abstract

Addressing criminal responsibility in people suffering from mental disorders is a controversial issue, since non-imputability is the inability of an individual to understand the wrongfulness of his behavior and to direct his own actions; The nosographic table refers to the description and classification of mental disorders, which refer to those significant alterations of the cognitive state, emotional regulation or behavior of the person who suffers from it, whose characteristics sometimes influence or determine the commission of a crime. The research aimed to describe the types of crimes and the nosographic picture presented by patients declared not imputable who were hospitalized at the Institute of Neurosciences of the Charity Board of Guayaquil during the period 2013-2023. A quantitative methodology, descriptive scope, type of non-experimental and cross-sectional design were used. We worked with a population of 165 participants. As results it was obtained that the nosographic picture and crime committed by people declared not imputable who were interned in the institute with the highest prevalence was: schizophrenia, schizotypal disorder and disorders of delusions with crimes against life, frequently mental and behavioral disorders due to the consumption of psychoactive substances with crimes against the right to property and less frequently organic mental disorders, including symptomatic with crimes against life; most of the participants were male, reside in Guayas province and belong to early adulthood with a median age of 33 years.