Perfil epidemiológico de los pacientes quirúrgicos pediátricos ingresados en el Hospital Vicente Corral Moscoso. Cuenca - Ecuador. Enero a junio 2021

Abstract

Background: a significant percentage of children who consult an emergency room and an outpatient clinic end up with their disease resolved in the operating room; the etiology, presentation, diagnosis and treatment are often different in each age group. Objective: to determine the epidemiological profile of pediatric surgical patients admitted to the "Vicente Corral Moscoso" hospital, Cuenca-Ecuador, period January-June 2021. Method: a descriptive observational study was carried out. The population consisted of patients admitted to the pediatric surgery department of the Vicente Corral Moscoso Hospital and who met the inclusion criteria. The data were collected from the clinical history and recorded in a form prepared by the researcher. The data was analyzed in the SPSS 20 program. Descriptive statistics were used for the analysis. Results: The mean age of the patients was 7.24 years, 59.1% were men; acute abdomen was more frequent with 32.7%, followed by trauma with 26% and in third place plastic surgery with 10.5%; 88.7% of the cases were admitted due to an emergency. According to the specialty, the general pediatric surgery service presented 44.7% of patients; the most frequently affected system was the gastrointestinal system with 41.6%. The mean hospitalization time was 5.93 days, while the percentage of complications was 11.3%. 97.7% of the patients were discharged to their homes Conclusion: acute abdomen was the most frequent surgical pathology, predominantly acute appendicitis, especially in adolescents.