Estado auditivo en niños de 0 a 5 años en el Hospital Homero Castanier Crespo. Periodo agosto 2022-febrero 2023

Abstract

Background: Hearing is a complex process involving various anatomical structures and is a critical function that influences communication in adults and children. Hearing loss is one of the most common pathologies. According to the World Health Organization, an estimated 466 million people have hearing loss. In children, it represents a limitation in their communication, self-esteem, development, etc. On the other hand, there is no referential data on the presence of a population with hearing loss in ages from 0 to 5 years old. General Objective: To determine the hearing status of the child population from 0 to 5 years old in the “Homero Castanier Crespo” Hospital from August 2022-February 2023. Methodology: Descriptive analytical cross-sectional study of the hearing status of the population aged 0 to 5 years attending the Homero Castanier Crespo Hospital. Data collection from hearing test such as Audiometry and Auditory Evoked Potentials. The results were analyzed in SPSS software version 22 using tables interpreted in percentage data. Results: Of 109 users who attended, 62.4% presented normal hearing and 37.6% with hearing loss, with more hypoacusis in the male sex (60.6%). Conclusion: There is a higher percentage of users with normal hearing. Even so, the numberof patients with hypoacusis is higher, with a predominance of males. Likewise, the moderate loss was more evident, and this generalized problems in their language and speech development.