Análisis comparativo del perfil de susceptibilidad de mycobacterium tuberculosis frente a fármacos de primera línea de tratamiento en pacientes del Hospital Vicente Corral Moscoso en el período 2021 - 2022

Abstract

Tuberculosis is an infectious disease caused mainly by Mycobacterium tuberculosis and its growing bacterial resistance to antibiotics represents a threat to the sustainability of public health. Therefore, a comparative analysis of the susceptibility profile of Mycobacterium tuberculosis was undertaken, in regard to top-notch medication used for treatment of patients at Vicente Corral Moscoso Hospital in 2021-2022. This is a descriptive, cross-sectional and retrospective study. The universe comprised positive cultures of M. tuberculosis, featuring antimicrobial identification and susceptibility test. The sample was propositional nonprobabilistic. The statistical analysis was conducted using IMB SPSS Statics 25, free trial version, and Microsoft Excel. The results showed that in 2021 the frequency of M. tuberculosis accounted for 7.7%: males represented 58.2% and 21- to 30-year-old patients represented 25.5%. In regard to the susceptibility profile, nineteen isolation procedures were analyzed: 10.5% showed resistance to ethambutol and a 100% were sensitive to isoniazid. In 2022, the frequency of M. tuberculosis was 8.3%: males represented 59.6% and 21-to 30- year-old patients represented 23.4%. Regarding the susceptibility profile, twenty-seven isolation procedures were analyzed: 33.3% showed resistance to isoniazid and 100% was sensitive to ethambutol.