Obtención de colorante natural a partir de la revalorización de los residuos de plátano verde (Musa paradisiaca) para su uso en la industria textil

Abstract

The manufacture of garments demand large amounts of raw materials and water, producing a large amount of waste. In the dyeing process, it is necessary to optimize the use of dyes and evaluate natural dye, reducing the impact of the textile industry. The plantain production in Ecuador in 2021 of 763,455 metric tons and total sales of 680,161 metric tons, however, there is no utilization of waste materials and it is estimated that this plant material can be a source of tannins, flavonoids and saponins, which can be used for the production of new products. The objective of this thesis project was to obtain a dye substance from the use of green plantain peel by means of a traditional process and an enzymatic process to evaluate its potential in the textile industry. The results obtained showed that the enzymatic dye extraction has a yield of 43.83% higher than that of the traditional extraction process. In addition, the enzymatic dye has a lower number of impurities and lower thickness. The quantification of total flavonoids and phenolics indicates lower values in the dye obtained by the enzymatic method. In the dyeing tests, fabrics with shades in the pink chromatic range. The dyeing quality was evaluated by applying INEN ISO standards (INEN ISO 105-E07: 2010 and INEN ISO 105-C10:2006) in which it was evidenced that in the washing test there is less dye fixation in the fabric in the case of the simple dye.