Desgaste emocional en mujeres de la comunidad de Guablincay convertidas en jefas de hogar tras la migración de su pareja durante la pandemia por COVID-19, período 2022

Abstract

The high migration of Ecuadorians generates several consequences, being a priority for this research the increased responsibility that falls on the woman who remains in the country of origin. Therefore, from a psychosocial approach, we sought to describe the emotional exhaustion of women in the community of Guablincay based on their experiences during the migration of their partner during the COVID-19 pandemic. For this study, a methodology with a qualitative approach was implemented, under a phenomenological perspective, with a cross-sectional design and an exploratory-descriptive scope, since the aim was not to measure variables but to understand the reality of the women's situation. Regarding the methods, the semi-structured interview and non-participant observation were used as data collection techniques and an interview guide and an observation questionnaire as tools to analyze and systematize the information provided, which were applied to five women belonging to the Guablincay Community who formed the study group and were selected on the basis of the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The results of the research indicate that the women in the study are going through a process of adaptation to a new reality when they become and identify themselves as heads of household after their partner's migration. They identify feelings of loneliness, sadness, indignation and exhaustion, as well as excessive fatigue and, in some cases, the desire to give up responsibilities. The household faces processes of restructuring and change of roles, influenced by contextual and cultural factors, which give way to the formation of transnational families and support networks.