Deterioro cognitivo en los adultos mayores de los centros geriátricos de la ciudad de Cuenca. 2022

Abstract

Introduction: Cognitive impairment is one of the most frequent problems in institutionalized older adults that affects quality of life and interferes with daily activities. Objective: To determine the level of cognitive impairment in older adults in geriatric centers in the city of Cuenca, 2022-2023. Methodology: A quantitative, descriptive, cross-sectional study was conducted with a sample of 76 participants from two Geriatric Centers in the city of Cuenca. For data collection, a sociodemographic variables form and the Folstein Minimental Test and Montreal Cognitive Evaluation instruments were applied. The data collected were transcribed and analyzed in the statistical program SPSS version 28 and the results were subsequently interpreted by means of percentages and frequencies. Results: The most frequent age was 65-75 years, with a predominance of 57.9% female sex, 53.3% single, 47.4% primary education and 43.4% time of residence in the nursing homes in the range of 1-5 years. The evaluation of cognitive impairment with the Minimental showed that 90.8% presented cognitive impairment, of which 56.6% had severe cognitive impairment. With the application of the Montreal test, 98.7% of the participants had cognitive impairment, of which 61.8% of participants were found to have severe impairment. Conclusion: A high level of cognitive impairment was found in 65-75 years of age, with a prevalence of severe and mild cognitive impairment.